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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics. 2018 Oct 8;13(5):494–510. doi: 10.1177/1556264618804962

Table 4:

Economic Benefits

Staying Afloat Benefit Investment Benefit
Absent Present # X2 Absent Present # X2
Gender
 Men 78 53 131 .267 88 43 131 2.206
59.5% 40.5% 67.2% 32.8%
 Women 30 17 47 37 10 47
63.8% 36.2% 78.7% 21.3%
Minority Status
 Non-white or 72 49 121 .217 78 43 121 6.000*
 Hispanic 59.5% 40.5% 64.5% 35.5%
 Non-Hispanic 36 21 57 47 10 57
 White 63.2% 36.8% 82.5% 17.5%
Ethnicity
 Hispanic or 17 21 38 5.143* 28 10 38 0.277
 Latino 44.7% 55.3% 73.7% 26.3%
 Non-Hispanic 91 49 140 97 43 104
65.0% 35.0% 69.3% 30.7%
Education
 High School 24 25 49 3.875* 41 8 49 5.848*
 or Less 49.0% 51.0% 83.7% 16.3%
 More than HS 84 45 129 84 45 129
65.1% 34.9% 65.1% 34.9%
Unemployed
 Some 74 31 105 10.309** 71 34 105 0.831
 Employment 70.5% 29.5% 67.6% 32.4%
 Unemployed 34 39 73 54 19 73
46.6% 53.4% 74.0% 26.0%
Age
 Less than 50 92 60 152 0.010 100 52 152 9.790**
60.5% 39.5% 65.8% 34.2%
 50 or Older 16 10 26 25 1 26
61.5% 38.5% 96.2% 3.8%
Trial Participation
 Less than 6 54 38 92 0.312 71 21 92 4.398*
 Trials 58.7% 41.3% 77.2% 22.8%
 6 or More 54 32 86 54 32 86
 Trials 62.8% 37.2% 62.8% 37.2%
*

indicates p < .05

**

indicates p < .01