Table 3. Association between cumulative arsenic, lagged 40 years and bladder cancer risk stratified by demographic and lifestyle factors.
| Cumulative Arsenic lagged 40-yrs (mg) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–3.52 | >3.52–8.77 | >8.77–22.42 | >22.42 | |||||
| Ca/Co | OR* (95% CI) | Ca/Co | OR* (95% CI) | Ca/Co | OR* (95% CI) | Ca/Co | OR* (95% CI) | |
| Age | ||||||||
| <55 | 90/121 | 1.0 (ref) | 36/38 | 1.1 (0.6, 2.0) | 15/28 | 0.7 (0.3, 1.4) | 11/11 | 1.0 (0.4, 3.0) |
| 55–64 | 73/91 | 1.0 (ref) | 75/90 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.8) | 73/63 | 1.8 (1.1, 3.0) | 65/47 | 1.7 (0.99, 3.0) |
| 65–74 | 55/69 | 1.0 (ref) | 108/124 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) | 101/144 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.5) | 133/154 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.8) |
| 75+ | 15/32 | 1.0 (ref) | 50/56 | 1.9 (0.89, 4.2) | 71/76 | 1.9 (0.86, 4.2) | 85/93 | 2.4 (1.1, 5.2) |
| p-interaction=0.36 | ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 52/71 | 1.0 (ref) | 63/70 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.8) | 61/84 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.8) | 74/92 | 1.1 (0.6, 1.9) |
| Male | 181/242 | 1.0 (ref) | 206/238 | 1.2 (0.86, 1.6) | 199/227 | 1.3 (0.91, 1.7) | 220/213 | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) |
| p-interaction=0.59 | ||||||||
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Never smokers | 48/119 | 1.0 (ref) | 33/91 | 1.0 (0.5, 1.7) | 40/91 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.3) | 37/104 | 1.1 (0.6, 2.0) |
| Former smokers | 94/128 | 1.0 (ref) | 149/172 | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 140/171 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 162/153 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.4) |
| Current smokers | 83/57 | 1.0 (ref) | 83/36 | 1.7 (0.96, 3.0) | 75/42 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.3) | 91/36 | 1.6 (0.85, 3.0) |
| p-interaction=0.50 | ||||||||
| Usual BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||
| Normal Weight | 90/122 | 1.0 (ref) | 101/133 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) | 105/129 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) | 128/125 | 1.4 (0.87, 2.3) |
| Overweight | 97/142 | 1.0 (ref) | 112/131 | 1.3 (0.86, 2.0) | 105/131 | 1.5 (0.96, 2.3) | 105/133 | 1.4 (0.89, 2.3) |
| Obese | 38/39 | 1.0 (ref) | 53/38 | 1.4 (0.7, 2.8) | 43/49 | 0.9 (0.4, 1.8) | 56/44 | 1.4 (0.7, 3.1) |
| p-interaction=0.56 | ||||||||
| Folate (mcg/day) | ||||||||
| >400 | 96/134 | 1.0 (ref) | 128/161 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 107/139 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 128/155 | 1.3 (0.87, 2.1) |
| 0–400 | 108/134 | 1.0 (ref) | 118/125 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 125/137 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 129/126 | 1.5 (0.97, 2.3) |
| p-interaction=0.94 | ||||||||
| Any Alcohol | ||||||||
| Ever | 172/222 | 1.0 (ref) | 190/223 | 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) | 175/193 | 1.2 (0.88, 1.7) | 167/210 | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) |
| Never | 34/47 | 1.0 (ref) | 58/63 | 1.5 (0.8, 2.9) | 64/87 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.4) | 93/74 | 2.5 (1.3, 4.8) |
| p-interaction=0.09 | ||||||||
*ORs are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, state of residence, smoking (including duration for smoking strata), disinfection by products, and high-risk occupation. ¶ p-interaction for ever/never smokers = 0.39.