Table 3.
Effects of inspiratory muscle training on daily living activities and quality of life.
| Characteristics | Treatment group |
Control group |
Treatment affect | Effect size | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Mean difference %95 CI | Group difference | Before | After | Mean difference %95 CI | Group difference | |||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p | p | d | |||
| PEDI-FSS (scaled score 0–100) | ||||||||||
| Self-care | 90.86 ± 7.18 | 93.15 ± 5.38 | 2.28 (0.95 to 3.61) | 0.002* | 86.30 ± 5.68 | 86.69 ± 5.40 | 0.42 (−0.89 to 1.89) | 0.410 | 0.049* | 0.56 |
| Mobility | 94.63 ± 5.05 | 98.02 ± 3.60 | 3.39 (1.87 to 4.90) | <0.001* | 95.06 ± 4.93 | 95.68 ± 5.93 | 0.61 (−0.96 to 2.19) | 0.427 | 0.016* | 0.58 |
| Social function | 94.10 ± 4.94 | 96.60 ± 4.29 | 2.56 (0.20 to 4.92) | 0.035* | 93.42 ± 5.24 | 92.02 ± 7.01 | −1.39 (−3.86 to 1.07) | 0.252 | 0.025* | 0.78 |
| PEDI-CAS (scaled score 0–100) | ||||||||||
| Self-care | 91.45 ± 6.78 | 92.70 ± 5.78 | 1.25 (−0.91 to 3.41) | 0.243 | 85.68 ± 13.60 | 86.81 ± 12.45 | 1.13 (−1.12 to 3.39) | 0.380 | 0.941 | |
| Mobility | 96.42 ± 6.68 | 97.85 ± 5.85 | 1.42 (−0.54 to 3.39) | 0.147 | 93.24 ± 8.40 | 94.80 ± 7.20 | 1.55 (−0.50 to 3.61) | 0.130 | 0.925 | |
| Social function | 96.33 ± 4.33 | 97.66 ± 3.98 | 1.33 (−0.54 to 3.21) | 0.155 | 93.45 ± 6.75 | 94.54 ± 5.44 | 1.09 (−0.87 to 3.05) | 0.261 | 0.855 | |
| CPQOL-child (scaled score 0–100) | ||||||||||
| Social well-being and acceptance | 78.19 ± 16.16 | 88.63 ± 14.16 | 10.44 (6.18 to 14.69) | <0.001* | 78.03 ± 10.43 | 74.73 ± 9.96 | −3.29 (−7.73 to 1.14) | 0.138 | <0.001* | 0.94 |
| Functioning | 76.56 ± 15.42 | 80.15 ± 14.01 | 3.59 (1.14 to 6.04) | 0.006* | 70.91 ± 11.29 | 69.40 ± 13.36 | −1.50 (−4.06 to 1.04) | 0.234 | 0.007* | 0.76 |
| Participation and physical health | 88.19 ± 21.63 | 92.62 ± 19.52 | 4.42 (−1.26 to 10.10) | 0.121 | 76.62 ± 15.26 | 80.31 ± 20.21 | 3.69 (−0.75 to 10.62) | 0.106 | 0.572 | |
| Emotional well-being | 72.67 ± 20.04 | 80.22 ± 16.22 | 7.55 (1.55 to 13.55) | 0.016* | 60.94 ± 17.25 | 61.43 ± 12.72 | 0.49 (−5.77 to 6.75) | 0.872 | 0.105 | |
| Access to services | 34.79 ± 10.65 | 35.48 ± 10.41 | 6.45(−21.67 to 2.88) | 0.638 | 30.07 ± 10.28 | 33.69 ± 7.67 | 3.61 (−1.16 to 6.06) | 0.064 | 0.073 | |
| Pain and impact of disability | 32.94 ± 22.26 | 24.30 ± 14.17 | −8.64 (−17.63 to 0.34) | 0.059 | 41.85 ± 19.48 | 42.09 ± 16.74 | 0.24 (−9.14 to 9.63) | 0.957 | 0.170 | |
| Family health | 67.18 ± 24.26 | 67.55 ± 22.94 | 0.36 (−3.08 to 3.81) | 0.828 | 60.22 ± 12.50 | 58.98 ± 12.71 | −1.23 (−4.84 to 2.36) | 0.483 | 0.511 | |
PEDI-FSS, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Functional Skill Scale; PEDI-CAS, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Caregiver Assistance Scale; CPQOL, Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life.
*
p ≤ 0.05.