Table 3.
Unadjusted and Adjusted Birth Outcomes in California, 2000–2012, among VA‐enrolled Veterans: VA vs Medicaid vs Private/other Covered
| VA‐Covered, n = 1,508 (8.6%) | Medicaid‐Covered, n = 3,026 (17.3%) | Private/other Covered, n = 12,961 (74.1%) | Adjusted Model (Reference = Private/Other Covered) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VA‐Covered | Medicaid‐Covered | |||||||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |||
| Preterm birtha | 148 | 9.8 | 355 | 11.7 | 1,306 | 10.1 | 1.00 | 0.82 | 1.22 | 1.29*** | 1.11 | 1.49 |
| 32 to <37 weeks | 123 | 8.2 | 296 | 9.8 | 1,104 | 8.5 | 0.99 | 0.80 | 1.22 | 1.28** | 1.10 | 1.50 |
| <32 weeks | 25 | 1.7 | 59 | 2 | 202 | 1.6 | 1.03 | 0.63 | 1.66 | 1.21 | 0.84 | 1.73 |
| Preterm subtype | Not Applicableb | |||||||||||
| Spontaneous | 83 | 5.5 | 179 | 5.9 | 650 | 5.0 | 1.39*** | 1.14 | 1.69 | |||
| Medically indicated | 49 | 3.3 | 123 | 4.1 | 438 | 3.4 | 1.31* | 1.03 | 1.67 | |||
| Unknown | 16 | 1.1 | 53 | 1.7 | 218 | 1.7 | 0.90 | 0.65 | 1.25 | |||
| Cesarean delivery | 533 | 35.3 | 972 | 32.1 | 4,148 | 32 | 1.18** | 1.05 | 1.32 | 1.10* | 1.01 | 1.20 |
| Gestational diabetesc | 109 | 7.2 | 171 | 5.6 | 677 | 5.2 | 1.15 | 0.91 | 1.45 | 0.96 | 0.79 | 1.16 |
| Preeclampsiac | 68 | 4.5 | 97 | 3.2 | 360 | 2.8 | 1.37* | 1.03 | 1.81 | 1.01 | 0.78 | 1.31 |
| Infant NICU stayd | 197 | 13.1 | 303 | 10 | 1,199 | 9.3 | 1.17 | 0.97 | 1.40 | 0.96 | 0.82 | 1.12 |
*p ≤ .05; **p ≤ .01; ***p ≤ .001.
All models adjust for age, race, ethnicity, education level, parity, and twins/higher order gestation.
High rates of missingness for the last three rows, which are discharge data derived outcomes, are predominantly (>90%) attributable to births at Military hospitals and/or under Military insurance, as the database maintained by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development lacks discharge claims data for these federally covered births.
Records of preterm birth and preterm subtype missing for 38 (2.5%) VA paid births, 113 (3.7%) Medicaid paid births, and 419 (3.2%) other payer births.
Preterm subtype is not modeled because the predictor was not associated with an overall increased risk of preterm birth.
Missing for 11 (0.7%) VA paid births, 27 (0.9%) Medicaid paid births, and 2,991 (23.1%) other payer births.
Missing for 65 (4.3%) VA paid births, 176 (5.8%) Medicaid paid births, and 3,236 (25%) other payer births.