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. 2018 Nov 14;8:16814. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35254-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of GAL (4 mg/kg; i.p) and/or MLA (5.6 mg/kg; i.p) on plasma levels of [a] ACh, [b] IL-6, as well as renal contents of [c] NF-κB (p65) and [d] HMGB-1 in ZYM-induced AKI. Data are expressed as mean of 6/4 mice ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison test; as compared to CONT(*), ZYM (^@), and ZYM + GAL (^#) groups, P < 0.05. GAL was injected 1 and 6 h post ZYM challenge, while MLA was administered 15 min before GAL. ACh: acetylcholine; AKI: acute kidney injury; CONT: control; GAL: galantamine; HMGB: high mobility group box protein; MLA: methyllycaconitine; IL-6: interleukin-6; NF-κB: nuclear factor-kappa B; ZYM: zymosan.