Table 2.
Cytokine/anti-oxidant enzyme | Time point | placeboa | ADR-1a | P valueb | ADR-3a | P valueb |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 22 | N = 22 | N = 24 | ||||
C-peptide (ng/ml) | 3M-0M | −0.16 ± 0.49 | 0.03 ± 0.89 | 0.3773 | −0.22 ± 0.62 | 0.7550 |
6M-0M | 0.05 ± 0.45 | −0.03 ± 0.46 | 0.5447 | −0.13 ± 0.63 | 0.2665 | |
CRP (mg/dl) | 3M-0M | −0.04 ± 0.18 | 0.04 ± 0.27 | 0.2697 | 0.06 ± 0.25 | 0.1282 |
6M-0M | 0.08 ± 0.28 | 0.03 ± 0.19 | 0.5483 | 0.05 ± 0.24 | 0.7636 | |
IL-6 (ng/ml) | 3M-0M | 0.51 ± 1.30 | −0.07 ± 2.34 | 0.3121 | 0.61 ± 1.69 | 0.8382 |
6M-0M | 0.90 ± 1.80 | 0.95 ± 2.65 | 0.9461 | 1.55 ± 2.41 | 0.3189 | |
IL-10 (ng/ml) | 3M-0M | 1.43 ± 4.04 | 0.26 ± 1.63 | 0.2313 | 3.33 ± 12.16 | 0.4752 |
6M-0M | 1.04 ± 2.41 | 1.48 ± 3.09 | 0.6109 | 2.05 ± 3.25 | 0.2469 | |
IL-17 (ng/ml) | 3M-0M | −0.38 ± 2.54 | 0.60 ± 3.04 | 0.2630 | −0.16 ± 2.32 | 0.7663 |
6M-0M | −0.35 ± 3.63 | 0.66 ± 3.24 | 0.3464 | 0.47 ± 2.91 | 0.4097 | |
TNF-α (pg/ml) | 3M-0M | −20.00 ± 58.19 | −3.36 ± 72.09 | 0.4265 | −10.60 ± 50.26 | 0.5799 |
6M-0M | −3.07 ± 72.22 | −32.00 ± 81.24 | 0.2317 | 12.81 ± 86.00 | 0.5191 | |
IL-1β (pg/ml) | 3M-0M | 0.00 ± 0.88 | −0.69 ± 1.96 | 0.1604 | −0.82 ± 2.69 | 0.1823 |
6M-0M | 0.21 ± 1.52 | −0.72 ± 1.94 | 0.1027 | −1.43 ± 2.70 | 0.0181 | |
SOD (U/ml) | 3M-0M | 0.27 ± 0.82 | 0.85 ± 1.32 | 0.1338 | −0.24 ± 1.00 | 0.1001 |
6M-0M | 0.39 ± 0.82 | 0.93 ± 0.95 | 0.0833 | 0.04 ± 1.31 | 0.3540 | |
GPX (U/ml) | 3M-0M | −0.62 ± 4.77 | −1.57 ± 2.89 | 0.4908 | −0.16 ± 4.66 | 0.7681 |
6M-0M | −0.40 ± 3.79 | −0.34 ± 3.24 | 0.9629 | −0.27 ± 4.36 | 0.9256 |
Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GPX, glutathione peroxidase.
aData were calculated by the value of later time point (3 month (3 M) or 6 month (6 M)) minus to starting point (0 M) and presented as mean ± SD.
bTwo sample t-test analysis was used to compare mean values between placebo and ADR-1 or ADR-3 groups.