Fig. 3.

Daily alcohol intake (g/kg/24 h) shown as mean ± SEM for socially defeated and non-defeated C57BL/6J males with either (A) continuous or (B, C) intermittent access to alcohol. Mice were treated with doses of the CRF-R1 antagonist, CP376395, via systemic injections (A, B; adapted from Newman et al., 2018), or via microinfusions, delivered directly into the ventral tegmental area (VTA; C; adapted from Hwa et al., 2016a). Best-fit curves are in black. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vehicle vs. drug; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 non-defeated vs. defeated.