PIRL6 gene structure and mRNA expression. A, PIRL6 (At2g19330) overlaps with the neighboring gene At2g19340, which generates two transcripts (0.1 and 0.2) with different polyadenylation sites (www.arabidopsis.org). Blue, Translated regions; light gray, untranslated regions; solid black lines, introns. T-DNA insertion sites in both loci are indicated by red spikes; neither PIRL6 insertion is a bona fide knockout (Forsthoefel et al., 2013). Small arrows indicate primer positions for PCR experiments shown in subsequent figures. Red arrows represent the primer pair used for qPCR; the forward primer straddles the exon II-III splice junction. Blue arrows represent primers used in full-length RT-PCR to detect the alternatively spliced cDNA species shown in Figure 4. Black arrows represent the primer pair used for RT-PCR experiments shown in Figure 2, A and C. Cross-hatched bars indicate exon regions included in short (S) and long (L) inverted repeat constructs for RNAi knockdown. B, PIRL6 RT-PCR carried out using a forward primer specific to the exon II-III splice junction, with RNA from open flowers (OF), developing inflorescences (buds; B), roots (R), and rosette leaves (L). C, PIRL6 RT-qPCR carried out on RNA from inflorescence (F), leaf (L), root (R), and germinated seedling (S) using the splice junction-specific primer used in B. Values are means from three replicate reactions; means for leaf, root, and seedling samples are provided above the bars. se is shown. D, RT-PCR of PIRL6 in flowers from wild-type (WT) and sterile spl homozygotes, which do not produce gametophytes. ACTIN8 (ACT8) was included as a positive control.