Table 1:

Perseverative language codes and definitions

Code name	Code definition	Code examples
Conversation device	Phrases that do not add meaning to, or advance the conversation produced by the child and were repeated three times.	“That’s about it;” “Neat”
Topic perseveration	Topics brought up by the child, at least three times.	Any topic of interest, (e.g. Batman, a friend at school, a favorite movie)
Single utterance perseverations	Utterance level perseverations produced by the child, repeated one time	“I like hockey. I like hockey.”
Utterance perseverations repeated two or more times	Utterance level perseverations produced by the child, repeated two or more times	“I want the ball. I want the ball. I want the ball.”

Note. Coding system based on Martin et al. (2012).