Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory features of SCD and non-SCD individuals aged 5–17 years
| Non-SCD (HbAA, AS) | SCD (HbSS) | Test statistic (p-value) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Estimate | n | Estimate | ||
| Clinical features | |||||
| Age (years) (Median, IQR] | 662 | 9.91 (7.1–13.1) | 1010 | 9.5 (7.1–12.5) | χ2 = 5.37 (0.020) |
| Pulse rate (beats/min) [mean, 95%CI] | 680 | 90.5 (89.2–91.8) | 1585 | 94.0 (93.2–94.7) | t = − 4.79 (< 0.001) |
| Temperature(oc) [mean, 95%CI] | 694 | 36.0 (35.8–36.4) | 1628 | 36.5 (36.4–36.5) | t = − 3.63 (< 0.001) |
| Systolic Blood pressure (mm/Hg) [mean, 95%CI] | 685 | 107.5 (105.8–109.2) | 1462 | 104.9 (104.1–105.6) | t = 3.31 (0.001) |
| Diastolic blood pressure(mm/Hg) [mean, 95%CI] | 684 | 67.5 (66.3–68.7) | 1461 | 63.9 (63.3–64.5) | t = 5.96 (< 0.001) |
| Peripheral Oxygen saturation,(median, IQR) | 662 | 99 (98,100) | 1010 | 98 (96,100) | z = 11.78 (p < 0.001) |
| Peripheral Oxygen desaturation, [n/N (%)] | 50/663 (7.5) | 162/1009 (16.1) | χ2 = 26.2 (p < 0.001) | ||
| Jaundice, [n/N (%)] | 45/309 (14.6) | 943/1541 (61.2) | χ2 = 224.4 (p < 0.001) | ||
| Palpable Spleen, [n/N (%)] | 25/451 (5.54) | 201/1552 (12.9) | χ2 = 19.16 (< 0.001) | ||
| Laboratory features (95%CI) | |||||
| Hemoglobin (Hb) (g/dL) | 759 | 10.6 (10.4–10.8) | 1653 | 7.4 (7.3–7.4) | t = 32.34 (< 0.001) |
| Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) | 422 | 1.7 (0.91–2.5) | 803 | 6.8 (6.4–7.1) | t = −11.7 (< 0.001) |
| Mean Cell Volume (MCV) (fL) | 762 | 75.2 (74.3–76.0) | 1653 | 79.7 (79.1, 80.2) | t = −8.72 (< 0.001) |
| Mean Cell Hb (MCH) (pg) | 743 | 24.5 (24.2–24.7) | 1628 | 26.0 (25.8–26.2) | t = −9.12 (< 0.001) |
| Mean Cell Hb Concentration(MCHC) (g/dL) | 760 | 32.2 (32.1–32.3) | 1632 | 32.5 (32.4–32.6) | t = −4.00 (< 0.001) |
| Red Cell Distribution width (RDW) (%) | 761 | 17.3 (17.0–17.6) | 1636 | 22.6 (22.4–22.8) | t = −31.49 (< 0.001) |
| Reticulocyte (%) | 294 | 7.1 (6.0–8.4) | 583 | 11.2 (10.6–11.8) | t = −6.15 (< 0.001) |
| Absolute reticulocyte (×109/L) | 274 | 0.26 (0.21–0.31) | 563 | 0.33 (0.32–0.36) | t = −2.42 (0.016) |
| White Blood Cells (WBC) (× 109/L) | 868 | 9.1 (8.6–9.5) | 1582 | 15.6 (15.2–15.9) | t = − 23.5 (< 0.001) |
| Platelets (PLT) (× 109/L) | 763 | 349.3 (336.5–362.04) | 1652 | 444.4 (434.5–454.3) | t = − 11.55 (< 0.001) |
| Bilirubin total (μmol/L) | 271 | 10.3 (9.3–11.4) | 930 | 59.7 (56.7–62.8) | t = −30.72 (< 0.001) |
| Bilirubin direct (μmol/L) | 188 | 3.0 (2.5–3.6) | 875 | 14.4 (13.6–15.2) | t = −19.08 (< 0.001) |
| Bilirubin indirect (μmol/L) | 179 | 8.6 (7.4–9.9) | 865 | 42.1 (39.5–44.8) | t = − 20.52 (< 0.001) |
| Aspartate AminoTransferase (AST) (U/L) | 295 | 36.1 (32.6–39.5) | 949 | 52.0 (49.7–54.5) | t = −7.69 (< 0.001) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (IU/L) | 294 | 353.6 (329.5–377.7) | 953 | 267.5 (258.8–276.5) | t = 6.58 (< 0.001) |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (U/L) | 328 | 593.8 (548.0–639.5) | 569 | 971.6 (932.0–1011.2) | t = − 12.28 (< 0.001) |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 292 | 46.8 (44.7–48.9) | 949 | 37.6 (36.6–38.5) | t = 8.36 (< 0.001) |