Table 1.
Distribution of study population characteristics by prepregnancy depression (N=62,483).
| Total | Pre-Pregnancy Depression | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||
| N (weighted %) | n (weighted row %) | n (weighted row %) | |
| Age ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| < 20 | 4979 (6.4) | 653 (13.3) | 4326 (86.7) |
| 20-24 | 13981 (21.0) | 1779 (11.6) | 12202 (88.4) |
| 25-29 | 17892 (30.1) | 1881 (9.8) | 16011 (90.2) |
| 30-34 | 16466 (27.4) | 1615 (8.6) | 14851 (91.4) |
| ≥ 35 | 9164 (15.2) | 868 (8.7) | 8296 (91.3) |
| Race Ethnicity ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 31330 (62.0) | 4016 (11.6) | 27314 (88.4) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 10056 (13.0) | 1029 (7.6) | 9027 (92.4) |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 10007 (9.4) | 850 (7.0) | 9157 (93.0) |
| Hispanic | 10444 (15.6) | 825 (6.9) | 9619 (93.1) |
|
| |||
| Education ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Less than High School | 9204 (13.5) | 1277 (12.6) | 7927 (87.5) |
| High School | 15846 (23.9) | 1973 (11.4) | 13873 (88.6) |
| College or Higher | 36576 (62.6) | 3438 (8.8) | 33138 (91.3) |
| Marital Status ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Married | 36547 (61.9) | 3067 (7.6) | 33480 (92.4) |
| Not Married | 25897 (38.1) | 3719 (13.7) | 22178 (86.3) |
| Household Income ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| <$20,000 | 17585 (28.7) | 2834 (15.0) | 14751 (85.0) |
| $20,000-$34,999 | 11038 (19.7) | 1216 (9.6) | 9822 (90.4) |
| $35,000-$49,999 | 5399 (10.4) | 517 (9.0) | 4882 (91.0) |
| ≥ $50,000 | 19439 (41.3) | 1518 (7.6) | 17921 (92.4) |
| Insurance ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Private | 30606 (54.3) | 2528 (7.9) | 28078 (92.1) |
| Government | 27693 (40.4) | 3886 (12.7) | 23807 (87.3) |
| No Coverage | 1207 (2.2) | 145 (12.0) | 1062 (88.0) |
| Other | 1948 (3.1) | 136 (6.9) | 1812 (93.1) |
|
| |||
| WIC During Pregnancy ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Yes | 30312 (44.4) | 4102 (12.6) | 26210 (7.8) |
| No | 31741 (55.6) | 2637 (87.4) | 29104 (92.2) |
| Pre-Pregnancy BMI ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 2771 (4.0) | 334 (10.7) | 2437 (89.3) |
| Normal (18.5-24.99) | 29035 (50.1) | 2612 (8.4) | 26423 (91.6) |
| Overweight (25-29.99) | 14465 (24.4) | 1599 (9.7) | 12866 (90.3) |
| Obese ( ≥ 30) | 13595 (21.5) | 2025 (14.2) | 11570 (85.8) |
| Intimate Partner Violence ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| No abuse | 59525 (96.6) | 6022 (9.3) | 53503 (90.7) |
| Before pregnancy | 805 (1.2) | 218 (24.3) | 587 (75.7) |
| During pregnancy | 520 (0.7) | 124 (21.3) | 396 (78.7) |
| Both before and during pregnancy | 1133 (1.5) | 355 (28.9) | 778 (71.1) |
|
| |||
| Stressors ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| 0 | 17163 (30.0) | 826 (4.7) | 16337 (95.3) |
| 1 | 14414 (23.2) | 1020 (6.6) | 13394 (93.4) |
| 2 | 10894 (17.2) | 1110 (9.4) | 9784 (90.6) |
| ≥ 3 | 19763 (29.5) | 3813 (18.1) | 15950 (81.9) |
| Pregnancy Intent ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Intended | 39915 (91.4) | 3851 (8.9) | 36064 (91.1) |
| Not intended | 4313 (8.6) | 714 (14.3) | 3599 (85.7) |
| Breastfeeding Duration ∗ ∗ ∗ | |||
| Never Breastfed | 9479 (16.0) | 1511 (13.5) | 7968 (86.5) |
| ≤ 8 weeks | 14702 (22.2) | 2072 (13.4) | 12630 (86.6) |
| > 8 weeks | 38302 (61.8) | 3213 (7.7) | 35089 (92.3) |
Note. WIC refers to Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.
BMI = body mass index. Sample size is unweighted; percentages are weighted.
∗∗∗Chi-square p<0.001.