Table 1.
Critical micellar concentrations (CMC) of natural bile acids and semisynthetic keto-derivatives.
| Bile acid | Abbreviation | Position and orientation of OH groups | CMC [mM] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural bile acids [18, 20] | |||
| Cholic acid | CA | 3α 7α 12α | 11–13 |
| Chenodeoxycholic acid | CDCA | 3α 7α | 4–9 |
| Deoxycholic acid | DCA | 3α 12α | 3–10 |
| Ursodeoxycholic acid | UDCA | 3α 7β | 7–19 |
| Taurocholic acid | TCA | 3α 7α 12α | 6–10 |
| Glycocholic acid | GCA | 3α 7α 12α | 10–12 |
| Tauro-chenodeoxycholic acid | TCDCA | 3α 7α | 3 |
| Glyco-chenodeoxycholic acid | GCDCA | 3α 7α | 2–6 |
| Tauro-deoxycholic acid | TDCA | 3α 12α | 2 |
| Glyco-deoxycholic acid | GDCA | 3α 12α | 2–6 |
| Tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid | TUDCA | 3α 7β | 2 |
| Glyco-ursodeoxycholic acid | GUDCA | 3α 7β | 4 |
| Semisynthetic keto derivatives [29] | |||
| 12-monoketocholic acid | 12-MKC | 3α 7α | 67 |
| 7-monoketocholic acid | 7-MKC | 3α 12α | 68 |
| 7,12-diketocholic acid | 7,12-DKC | 3α | 95 |
| 3,7,12-triketocholic acid | 3,7,12-TKC | / | 135 |
| 12-monoketodeoxycholic acid | 12-MKDC | 3α | 20 |