Table 4.
Resistance to selected antibiotics in ESBL-producing Gram-negative ESKAPE bacteria isolated from carriage and clinical samples in a district and tertiary hospital
| Antibiotics | Tertiary hospital | District hospital | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical ward | Surgical ward | Medical ward | Surgical ward | |||||||||||
| Carriage | Clinical | Carriage | Clinical | Carriage | Clinical | Carriage | ||||||||
| MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | MIC (μg/ml) range | No. resistant isolates (%) | |
| Ampicillin | ≥512 | 4 (100) | ≥32 | 11 (100) | ≥512 | 1 (100) | 16–32 | 8 (100) | ≥512 | 4 (100) | 16- ≥ 32 | 2 (100) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Cefoxitin | 8–512 | 3 (75) | 4 | 7 (64) | 16 | 1 (100) | 8- ≥ 64 | 7 (88) | 128 ≥ 512 | 4 (100) | ≥64 | 2 (100) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Cefuroxime | ≥512 | 4 (100) | ≥64 | 11 (100) | 128 | 1 (100) | 8–64 | 8 (100) | 256 ≥ 512 | 4 (100) | 16- ≥ 64 | 2 (100) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Cefotaxime | ≥512 | 4 (100) | ≥64 | 11 (100) | 128 | 1 (100) | 1- ≥ 64 | 7 (88) | 32- ≥ 512 | 4 (100) | < 1–32 | 2 (100) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Ceftazidime | 512 | 4 (100) | ≥64 | 8 (73) | 256 | 1 (100) | 1- ≥ 64 | 4 (50) | 32- ≥ 512 | 4 (100) | ≤1–16 | 2 (100) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Meropenem | 0.5–2 | 2(50) | 0.25 | 3 (27) | 2 | 1 (100) | 0.25 ≥ 16 | 4 (50) | 0.25–16 | 2 (50) | 0.25 | 0 (0) | 16 | 1 (100) |
| Imipenem | 4–8 | 4 (100) | 0.25 | 3 (27) | 16 | 1 (100) | 0.5- ≥ 16 | 3 (37.3) | 2–32 | 2 (50) | 0.25–1 | 0 (0) | 64 | 1 (100) |
| Ertapenem | 1–2 | 4 (100) | 0.5 | 0 (0) | 16 | 1 (100) | ≤0.5 | 0 (0) | 0.25–8 | 3 (75) | 0.5 | 0 (0) | 64 | 1 (100) |
| Amikacin | 8–128 | 4 (100) | 8 | 2 (18) | 64 | 1 (100) | 2- ≥ 64 | 4 (50) | 8–128 | 2 (100) | 2 | 0 (0) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Gentamicin | 128 | 4 (100) | ≥16 | 8 (73) | 8 | 1 (100) | 1- ≥ 16 | 4 (50) | 4–16 | 4 (100) | 1 | 0 (0) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 64–512 | 4 (100) | ≥4 | 6 (55) | 32 | 1 (100) | 0.25- ≥ 4 | 5 (45) | 0.5–64 | 3 (75) | ≤0.25 | 0 (0) | 32 | 1 (100) |
| Tigecycline | 16–64 | 4 (100) | 1 | 4 (36) | 16 | 1 (100) | 0.5- ≥ 8 | 3 (37.3) | 2–64 | 4 (100) | 1 | 0 (0) | 8 | 1 (100) |
| Nitrofurantoin | ≥512 | 4 (100) | 128 | 9 (82) | ≥512 | 1 (100) | ≥512 | 6 (55) | ≥512 | 4 (100) | 16- ≥ 512 | 0 (0) | ≥512 | 1 (100) |
| Colistin | 8–512 | 4 (100) | 0.5 | 0 (0) | 8 | 1 (100) | ≤0.5 | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | ≤0.5 | 0 (0) | ≤0.5 | 0 |