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. 2018 Sep 20;3(18):e99592. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.99592

Figure 5. Beclin-1–deficient mice are protected against damage after cigarette smoke exposure.

Figure 5

(A) Masson’s trichrome and (B) Sirius red staining of kidney tissue in Becn1+/– mice compared with Becn1+/+ mice after cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Scale bars: 50 μm (A) and 25 μm (B). (C) Representative blot and quantification showing fibronectin expression in whole kidney tissue homogenates of Becn1+/– and Becn1+/+ mice exposed to CS or room air (RA) for 6 months (n = 7 per group). Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 by 2-tailed Student’s t test. (D) Nitrotyrosine and (E) 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-DG) staining detected by immunohistochemistry in Becn1+/+ mice and Becn1+/– after 6 months of CS exposure. Scale bars: 50 μm. (F) Urine 8-isoprostane levels quantified by ELISA (mg/dl), normalized to urine creatinine after 6 months of CS exposure in Becn1+/– mice compared with Becn1+/+ mice (n = 5 for Becn1+/+ RA and Becn1+/– CS mice; and n = 6 for Becn1+/+ CS and Becn1+/– RA mice). (G) Urine neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels quantified by ELISA (mg/dl), normalized to urine creatinine after 6 months of CS exposure in Becn1+/– mice compared with Becn1+/+ mice (n = 6 per group). (H) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels quantified by ELISA (mg/dl), after 6 months of CS exposure in Becn1+/– mice compared with Becn1+/+ mice (n = 5 per group, except Becn1+/+ CS, n = 4). Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, analyzed by 1-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test.