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. 2018 Oct 4;3(19):e122673. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.122673

Figure 4. Dual TLR agonists induce secretion of proinflammatory and antiviral cytokines.

Figure 4

Levels of IL-6 (A), IL-10 (B), IFN-γ (C), IL-22 (D), and IFN-α (E) were quantified in cell culture supernatants after treatment of PBMCs isolated from aviremic participants and HIV-negative donors with 1 μM of indicated TLR agonists or PMA plus ionomycin (PMA/ION) for 3 days. (F) p24 Gag protein was quantified in cell culture supernatants from PBMCs isolated from ART-suppressed HIV-infected individuals and treated with TLR agonists for 4 days using a digital ELISA (n = 8). Statistical analysis is provided in Supplemental Tables. Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparisons between HIV-negative donors and aviremic participants and 2-tailed Wilcoxon’s matched-pairs signed-rank test was used to compare stimuli. *P < 0.05.