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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018 Aug 30;46(6):615–623. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12414

Table 1.

Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking, dysglycaemia and plaque group at 38, periodontal prevalence and periodontal inflammatory load at 32 and 38, prevalence of metabolic syndrome at 38, mean Framingham-reactive hyperaemia index at 38 and arteriolar and venular calibres at 38. Women pregnant at 38 are excluded.

N (%) or mean (SD)
Sex1
    Female 468 (49.2%)
    Male 484 (50.8%)
SES at 382
    High 280 (29.7%)
    Medium 477 (50.5%)
    Low 187 (19.8%)
Smoker at 383
    Yes 252 (26.6%)
    No 696 (73.4%)
Dysglycaemia at 384
    Yes 164 (18.3%)
    No 730 (81.7%)
Plaque group at 385
    High 68 (7.6%)
    Moderate 93 (10.3%)
    Low 243 (27.0%)
    Very low 496 (55.1%)
Prevalence of periodontitis (CDC/AAP case definition)
    Moderate periodontitis at age 326 159 (17.9%)
    Severe periodontitis at age 326 49 (5.5%)
    Moderate periodontitis at age 387 230 (25.8%)
    Severe periodontitis at age 387 79 (8.9%)
Periodontal Inflammatory load
    Mean inflammatory load at age 32 (SD)6 2.9 (4.4)
    Mean inflammatory load at age 38 (SD)7 2.8 (4.6)
    Mean change in inflammatory load 32–38 (SD)8 0.0 (4.0)
Arteriolar and venular calibres
    Mean central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) at age 38 (SD)9 137.33 (10.86)
    Mean central retinal venule equivalent (CRVE) at age 38 (SD)9 196.20 (14.83)
Endothelial Function
    Mean Framingham-reactive hyperaemia index at 38 (SD)10 0.61 (0.38)
Metabolic syndrome11
    Yes 152 (16.9%)
    No 750 (83.1%)

Note: not all participants responded to all items.

1

N=952;

2

N=944;

3

N=948;

4

N=894;

5

N=900;

6

N=890;

7

N=891;

8

N=856;

9

N=922;

10

N=909;

11

N=905.

Dysglycaemia; glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥5.7% (≥39 mmol/mol).

Periodontal Inflammatory load is the count of the number of teeth with 1+ sites with 3+mm PD and bleeding on probing (BOP).

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) categorised according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP, ATP III) criteria (three or more of: (1) glycated hemoglobin ≥5.7% (≥39 mmol/mol); (2) waist >102 cm (men), waist >88 cm (women); (3) triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L; (4) HDL <1.0 mmol/L (men), <1.3 mmol/L (women); or (5) blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg (or drug treatment for hypertension).

Three individuals with Type 1 diabetes were excluded from the MetS analysis.