Table 5.
Principal components analysis (PCA) of meals based on eighty generic meal codes, showing the dominant loading values for each principal component (PC) (1–5)*
| PC (variance) | Meal code | Meal type | Meal description | Loading value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (5·6 %) | 1301 | Breakfast | Rice, vegetables, dairy products (without tea and coffee, bread) | 0·53 |
| 1302 | Breakfast | Rice, vegetables (without tea and coffee, dairy products, alcoholic beverages) | 0·51 | |
| 2105 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish (without meat, eggs, pulses) | −0·27 | |
| 2108 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat (without fish, eggs, potatoes) | −0·30 | |
| 2111 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, meat, fish (without tea and coffee, bread) | 0·50 | |
| 2112 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, meat (without tea and coffee, fish) | 0·47 | |
| 2113 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, fish (without tea and coffee, meat) | 0·56 | |
| 2114 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables (without tea and coffee, meat, fish, fruit and vegetable juice) | 0·52 | |
| 2203 | Lunch | Noodles, tea and coffee (without vegetables, bread, fruit and vegetable juice) | −0·31 | |
| 3105 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish, meat (without pulses, potatoes) | −0·26 | |
| 3107 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish (without pulses, meat, fruit) | −0·29 | |
| 3108 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat, potatoes (without fish, soft drinks) | −0·28 | |
| 3109 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat, pulses (without fish, potatoes) | −0·27 | |
| 3114 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, fish, pulses (without tea and coffee, alcoholic beverages) | 0·63 | |
| 3115 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, fish (without tea and coffee, pulses, alcoholic beverages) | 0·63 | |
| 3116 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, meat, potatoes (without tea and coffee, fish) | 0·45 | |
| 3117 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, meat (without tea and coffee, fish, potatoes, bread) | 0·43 | |
| 3118 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables (without tea and coffee, fish, meat, soft drinks) | 0·37 | |
| 2 (3·9 %) | 1102 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice, pulses, fruit (without dairy products) | 0·29 |
| 1103 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice, pulses, eggs (without fruit, fruit and vegetable juice, alcoholic beverages) | 0·41 | |
| 1104 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice, pulses, fish (without fruit, eggs, fruit and vegetable juice, alcoholic beverages, bread, noodles) | 0·44 | |
| 1106 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice, eggs (without pulses) | 0·36 | |
| 1107 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice, fish (without pulses, eggs) | 0·41 | |
| 1108 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice (without pulses, eggs, fish, alcoholic beverages) | 0·44 | |
| 1201 | Breakfast | Bread, dairy products, tea and coffee, fruit (without vegetables, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | −0·32 | |
| 1202 | Breakfast | Bread, dairy products, tea and coffee (without fruit, vegetables, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | −0·62 | |
| 1601 | Breakfast | Dairy products, tea and coffee (without vegetables, rice, bread, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | −0·44 | |
| 2104 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish, pulses (without meat, eggs, bread, soft drinks) | 0·27 | |
| 2105 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish (without meat, eggs, pulses) | 0·47 | |
| 2109 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, pulses (without fish, meat, bread) | 0·29 | |
| 2203 | Lunch | Noodles, tea and coffee (without vegetables, bread, fruit and vegetable juice) | −0·42 | |
| 4101 | Snack | Confectioneries, tea and coffee, dairy products | −0·28 | |
| 4201 | Snack | Dairy products, tea and coffee (without confectioneries) | −0·39 | |
| 4501 | Snack | Confectioneries, dairy products (without tea and coffee, noodles, fish) | 0·28 | |
| 3 (3·8 %) | 2110 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee (without fish, meat, pulses) | −0·31 |
| 3107 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish (without pulses, meat, fruit) | −0·37 | |
| 3108 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat, potatoes (without fish, soft drinks) | −0·38 | |
| 3109 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat, pulses (without fish, potatoes) | −0·27 | |
| 3110 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat (without fish, pulses, potatoes) | −0·42 | |
| 3111 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee (without fish, meat, bread) | −0·34 | |
| 3113 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, fish, alcoholic beverages (without tea and coffee, meat) | 0·37 | |
| 3201 | Dinner | Vegetables, meat, alcoholic beverages, fish (without rice, fruit and vegetable juice) | 0·69 | |
| 3202 | Dinner | Vegetables, meat, alcoholic beverages (without rice, fish) | 0·70 | |
| 3301 | Dinner | Vegetables, fish (without rice, meat) | 0·57 | |
| 3401 | Dinner | Rice, tea and coffee (without vegetables) | −0·33 | |
| 4 (3·5 %) | 1501 | Breakfast | Bread, tea and coffee (without vegetables, dairy products, rice, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | 0·40 |
| 1701 | Breakfast | Tea and coffee only | 0·59 | |
| 2106 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat, eggs (without fish, alcoholic beverages) | −0·29 | |
| 2203 | Lunch | Noodles, tea and coffee (without vegetables, bread, fruit and vegetable juice) | 0·46 | |
| 2401 | Lunch | Rice, tea and coffee (without vegetables, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | 0·40 | |
| 2601 | Lunch | All other combinations | 0·54 | |
| 3117 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, meat (without tea and coffee, fish, potatoes, bread) | 0·39 | |
| 3501 | Dinner | All other combinations | 0·39 | |
| 4101 | Snack | Confectioneries, tea and coffee, dairy products | −0·33 | |
| 4102 | Snack | Confectioneries, tea and coffee, fruit (without dairy products) | −0·31 | |
| 4103 | Snack | Confectioneries, tea and coffee (without dairy products, fruit) | −0·30 | |
| 4201 | Snack | Dairy products, tea and coffee (without confectioneries) | −0·27 | |
| 4801 | Snack | All other combinations | 0·42 | |
| 5 (3·3 %) | 1107 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, rice, fish (without pulses, eggs) | −0·25 |
| 1109 | Breakfast | Vegetables, tea and coffee, bread, dairy products, eggs (without rice, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | 0·41 | |
| 1201 | Breakfast | Bread, dairy products, tea and coffee, fruit (without vegetables, noodles, alcoholic beverages) | 0·55 | |
| 2104 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish, pulses (without meat, eggs, bread, soft drinks) | 0·51 | |
| 2108 | Lunch | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat (without fish, eggs, potatoes) | −0·25 | |
| 3101 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish, pulses, meat | 0·31 | |
| 3102 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish, pulses, fruit (without meat, soft drinks) | 0·50 | |
| 3103 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, fish, pulses (without meat, fruit) | 0·51 | |
| 3110 | Dinner | Rice, vegetables, tea and coffee, meat (without fish, pulses, potatoes) | −0·41 | |
| 3401 | Dinner | Rice, tea and coffee (without vegetables) | −0·34 | |
| 3501 | Dinner | All other combinations | −0·31 |
* Loading values were calculated from PCA using the percentage contribution of daily energy intake of the eighty generic meals for each participant (n 242). Only loading values <–0·25 or >0·25 are displayed. The results for other PC (6–11) are shown in Supplementary Table S8.