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. 2018 Nov 13;6:e5693. doi: 10.7717/peerj.5693

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© 2018 Liao et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.

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Optical density at 450 nm was recorded and used to calculate the NADH/NAD⁺ ratio (C). Values (mean ± SE) are from three independent experiments: (∗) p < 0.05 and (∗∗) p < 0.001 for oil fumigation (LC₅₀ = 6.37 mg/L air) vs control (CK).