Table 2.

Results by intervention: Outcome measures, analysis, and effect sizes.

Lead author (year) and outcome measure		Analysis	Effect size
Bond (2010) [30]
	Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression	Not reported	da=0.7
	Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire	Not reported	d=0.6
	Diabetes Social Support Scale	Not reported	d=1.0
	Diabetes Empowerment Scale	Not reported	d=0.7
van Bastelaar (2011) [21]
	Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression	Intended-to-treat	d=0.29
	Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression	Per protocol	d=0.70
	Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire	Per protocol	d=0.58
	Glycosylated hemoglobin	Intended-to-treat	—b
Cohn (2014) [31]
	Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression	Per protocol	—
	Perceived Stress Scale	Per protocol	—
	Differential Emotions Scale	Per protocol	—
	Confidence in Diabetes Self-Care Scale	Per protocol	—
	Diabetes Distress Scale	Per protocol	—
Nobis (2015) [32]
	Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression	Intended-to-treat	d=0.89
	Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression	Per protocol	d=1.00
	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression	Intended-to-treat	d=0.82
	Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire	Intended-to-treat	d=0.58
	Acceptance and Action Diabetes Questionnaire	Intended-to-treat	d=0.22
	Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire	Intended-to-treat	d=0.07
Newby (2017) [33]
	Patient Health Questionnaire-9	Intended-to-treat	gc=0.78
	Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire	Intended-to-treat	g=0.80
	Kessler Psychological Distress Scale	Intended-to-treat	g=1.06
	Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item	Intended-to-treat	g=0.72
	Glycosylated hemoglobin	Intended-to-treat	—
	Short form 12-item scale of mental well-being	Intended-to-treat	g=−0.66
	Short form 12-item scale of physical well-being	Intended-to-treat	—
	Patient Health Questionnaire physical symptoms module for somatic symptom severity	Intended-to-treat	—

^aCohen d.

^bNo significance.

^cHedges g.