Table 8.

Research Agenda for Sleep and Circadian Disturbances following mTBI

Domain	Research Questions
Measurement	1. What subjective and objective measures of sleep should be included in mTBI common data elements?
Natural history	2. How do subjective and objective measures of sleep change following mTBI? 3. What is the prevalence of sleep and circadian disorders following mTBI, including onset, remission, and persistence? 4. How do mechanism of injury and mTBI injury severity impact development of sleep and circadian disorders?
Short and long-term outcomes	5. What is the relationship between changes in sleep and circadian patterns and key mTBI outcomes of interest, including health and economic outcomes? 6. How do sleep disturbances interact with other common sequelae of mTBI?
Risk stratification	7. Which pre-injury and clinical factors place individuals at risk for developing chronic sleep and circadian disorders following mTBI? 8. Can an algorithm identify individuals at risk for chronic sleep and circadian disorders following mTBI?
Treatment development	9. What modifications are required to adapt and optimize evidence-based sleep and circadian treatments for mTBI populations? 10. How can evidence-based treatment approaches be combined to address multiple sleep and circadian comorbidities following mTBI? 11. Can sleep architecture be manipulated to expedite and/or optimize recovery from mTBI? 12. What is the optimal temporal sequence for targeted prevention and/or intervention efforts?
Implementation	13. What are priorities for key stakeholder groups regarding sleep and circadian disorders following mTBI? 14. What are barriers and facilitators of adoption and integration of evidence-based practices for assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of sleep and circadian disorders following mTBI?

mTBI, mild traumatic brain injury.