Table 3.

Association of CLIC1 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma

	Category	Cases	CLIC1
			Positive cases, n (%)	X2	P-value
Age, years	<60	28	18 (64.29)	0.019	0.888
	≥60	44	29 (65.91)
Sex	Male	47	30 (63.83)	0.125	0.723
	Female	25	17 (68.00)
Location	Tongue	18	12 (66.67)	1.558	0.669
	Buccal mucosa	17	13 (76.47)
	Gingiva	8	6 (75.00)
	Others*	29	16 (55.17)
Histological grade	Well differentiated	32	16 (50.00)	6.042	0.049#
	Moderately differentiated	20	15 (75.00)
	Poorly differentiated	20	16 (80.00)
TNM stage	0–I	20	9 (45.00)	5.023	0.025#
	II–IV	52	38 (69.23)
Lymph-node metastasis	Negative	58	35 (60.34)	2.18	0.139
	Positive	14	12 (85.71)
Tumor size (cm)	<3	30	15 (50.00)	5.3	0.021*
	≥3	42	32 (76.19)

Notes:

^*Included floor of mouth, lips and palate;

^#statistically significant. P-values determined using Kruskal–Wallis and χ² tests.