Table 4.
Association of log 2 prenatal urinary biomarker concentrations and spirometry outcomes
| FEV1 | FVC | |||||
| Biomarker | Crude β (95% CI) |
Demographically
adjusted1 β (95% CI) |
Fully adjusted2
β (95% CI) |
Crude β (95% CI) |
Demographically
adjusted1 β (95% CI) |
Fully adjusted3
β (95% CI) |
| n=294–296 | n=261–267 | n=257–261 | n=260–266 | n=237–243 | n=233–237 | |
| MEP | −0.03 (−0.06, 0.00)# | −0.03 (−0.06, 0.01) | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.01) | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) |
| MnBP | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.06) | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.06) | 0.05 (−0.01, 0.10) | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.07) | 0.02 (−0.05, 0.09) |
| MiBP | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.05) | 0.03 (−0.02, 0.08) | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.07) | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.07) | 0.03 (−0.03, 0.08) |
| MP | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.05) |
| PP | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) |
| TCS | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) |
| 2,4-DCP | −0.02 (−0.05, 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.02) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.03) | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.00)# | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.01) | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) |
| 2,5-DCP | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.02) |
| BP3 | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) |
| FEV1/FVC | FEF25–75% | |||||
| Crude | Demographically adjusted1 |
Fully adjusted4 | Crude | Demographically adjusted1 |
Fully adjusted5 | |
| Biomarker | Percent difference (95% CI) |
Percent difference (95% CI) |
Percent difference (95% CI) |
Percent difference (95% CI) |
Percent difference (95% CI) |
Percent difference (95% CI) |
| n=260–266 | n=237–243 | n=233–235 | n=260–266 | n=237–243 | n=233–235 | |
| MEP | −0.29 (−0.78, 0.21) | −0.23 (−0.72, 0.26) | −0.21 (−0.72, 0.30) | −3.68 (−6.32, −0.96)** | −3.32 (−6.11, −0.44)* | −3.22 (−6.02, −0.34)* |
| MnBP | 0.23 (−0.44, 0.90) | 0.37 (−0.30, 1.04) | 0.77 (−0.01, 1.56)# | 0.02 (−3.74, 3.92) | 0.15 (−3.83, 4.29) | 2.96 (−1.77, 7.92) |
| MiBP | 0.16 (−0.42, 0.75) | 0.21 (−0.38, 0.81) | 0.20 (−0.51, 0.91) | 0.68 (−2.62, 4.08) | 0.34 (−3.19, 4.00) | 1.46 (−2.31, 5.38) |
| MP | −0.09 (−0.57, 0.40) | −0.03 (−0.51, 0.45) | −0.02 (−0.51, 0.47) | −0.13 (−2.83, 2.64) | −0.72 (−3.54, 2.19) | 1.41 (−1.82, 4.74) |
| pp | −0.06 (−0.36, 0.24) | −0.13 (−0.42, 0.17) | −0.07 (−0.39, 0.24) | −0.20 (−1.89, 1.52) | −0.71 (−2.47, 1.09) | 0.17 (−1.78, 2.16) |
| TCS | 0.04 (−0.25, 0.33) | −0.07 (−0.37, 0.22) | −0.08 (−0.38, 0.22) | 0.99 (−0.65, 2.66) | 0.58 (−1.19, 2.38) | 1.08 (−0.71, 2.90) |
| 2,4-DCP | 0.15 (−0.30, 0.61) | 0.00 (−0.45, 0.44) | −0.09 (−0.54, 0.37) | −0.93 (−3.44, 1.64) | −0.91 (−3.52, 1.78) | −0.73 (−3.38, 1.99) |
| 2,5-DCP | 0.00 (−0.32, 0.31) | −0.10 (−0.41, 0.21) | −0.18 (−0.49, 0.14) | −0.61 (−2.35, 1.17) | −0.65 (−2.49, 1.23) | −0.55 (−2.41, 1.33) |
| BP3 | −0.03 (−0.31, 0.25) | 0.10 (−0.18, 0.38) | 0.08 (−0.22, 0.37) | −0.49 (−2.05, 1.09) | −0.16 (−1.83, 1.54) | 0.40 (−1.33, 2.17) |
p<0.1;
p<0.05;
p<0.01
Separate models created for each biomarker
Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, and housing density during pregnancy
Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate, the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites, monobenzyl phthalate
Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate, the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites
Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, mono-n-butyl phthalate, 2,5 dichlorophenol, monobenzyl phthalate [Regressions of 2,4-dichlorophenol did not control for 2,5-dichlorophenol due to high collinearity.]
Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate, monoethyl phthalate, the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites