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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2018 Oct 4;121(Pt 1):538–549. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.027

Table 5.

Longitudinal association of log 2 prenatal urinary biomarker concentrations and Th cell parameters at various ages, with p-values for age interaction

Thl:Th2 cell ratio Th1% Th2%
Biomarker Crude
Percent difference
(95% CI)
Demographically
adiusred1
Percent difference
(95% CI)
Fully adjusted2
Percent difference
(95% CI)
p-
int
Crude
Percent difference
(95% CI)
Demographically adiusred1
Percent difference
(95% CI)
Fully adjusted3
Percent difference
(95% CI)
p-
int
Crude
Percent difference
(95% CI)
Demographically
adjusted1
Percent difference
(95% CI)
Fully adjusted4
Percent difference
(95% CI)
p-
int
n=341–362 n=309–329 n=304–306 n=341–362 n=309–329 n=304–306 n=341–362 n=309–329 n=304–306
MEP 3.18 (−1.59, 8.17) 2.25 (−2.38, 7.10) 3.48 (−1.35, 8.54) 0.37 −0.07 (−3.53, 3.52) 0.06 (−3.49, 3.73) 1.76 (−1.97, 5.63) 0.16 −3.21 (−7.25, 1.00) −2.17 (−6.16, 1.99) −2.36 (−6.90, 2.41) 0.96
MnBP −5.58 (−11.40, 0.63)# −5.75 (−11.90, 0.82)# −2.92 (−10.16, 4.90) 0.01 0.83 (−4.70, 6.69) 2.53 (−3.10, 8.49) 5.89 (−0.90, 13.15)# 0.29 6.54 (0.53, 12.91)* 8.50 (1.90, 15.52)* 10.40 (3.37, 17.92)** 0.02
MiBP −6.70 (−11.58, −1.54)* −6.33 (−11.13, −1.27)* −5.28 (−10.56, 0.31)# 0.31 −2.82 (−7.01, 1.55) −1.01 (−4.64, 2.76) 0.38 (−3.73, 4.66) 0.89 4.14 (−0.94, 9.49) 5.71 (0.55, 11.12)* 2.50 (−2.96, 8.25) 0.51
MP 1.07 (−3.17, 5.50) 1.45 (−2.81, 5.91) 1.85 (−2.31, 6.19) 0.80 −4.13 (−7.32, −0.82)* −3.54 (−6.78, −0.18)* −3.35 (−6.58, −0.02)* 0.32 −5.17 (−8.96, −1.23)* −4.84 (−8.76, −0.74)* −4.45 (−8.77, 0.08)# 0.62
PP −1.01 (−3.73, 1.79) −0.22 (−3.01, 2.65) 0.18 (−2.74, 3.19) 0.49 −1.76 (−3.83, 0.36) −0.59 (−2.56, 1.41) 1.11 (−1.70, 3.99) 0.39 −0.76 (−3.14, 1.67) −0.32 (−2.98, 2.41) 2.17 (−1.79, 6.28) 0.65
TCS 1.51 (−1.24, 4.33) 1.59 (−1.22, 4.47) 2.33 (−0.56, 5.30) 0.79 0.16 (−1.97, 2.33) 0.97 (−1.16, 3.14) 0.96 (−1.22, 3.20) 0.96 −1.45 (−3.88, 1.05) −0.76 (−3.32, 1.86) −1.39 (−3.96, 1.24) 0.64
2,4-DCP 1.61 (−2.79, 6.21) 0.37 (−3.83, 4.74) 0.29 (−4.01, 4.80) 0.97 2.98 (−0.29, 6.37)# 2.27 (−0.96, 5.61) 2.90 (−0.38, 6.28)# 0.31 1.32 (−2.56, 5.36) 1.90 (−2.04, 6.00) 2.17 (−1.83, 6.33) 0.28
2,5-DCP 0.18 (−2.91, 3.37) −0.59 (−3.58, 2.49) −0.26 (−3.34, 2.91) 0.75 1.90 (−0.42, 4.26) 1.15 (−1.02, 3.37) 1.51 (−0.66, 3.72) 0.11 1.65 (−1.04, 4.42) 1.70 (−1.08, 4.56) 1.54 (−1.31, 4.47) 0.48
BP3 −0.79 (−3.24, 1.71) −1.19 (−3.79, 1.48) −1.41 (−4.08, 1.33) 0.85 −1.38 (−3.30, 0.57) −1.34 (−3.25, 0.61) −0.55 (−2.59, 1.52) 0.27 −0.58 (−2.88, 1.79) −0.09 (−2.56, 2.44) 0.50 (−2.17, 3.23) 0.43
#

p < 0.1;

*

p < 0.05;

**

p < 0.01

Separate models created for each biomarker

1

Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, and housing density during pregnancy

2

Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, and child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, mono-isobutyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, triclosan

3

Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion o f poverty at baseline, and child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, methyl paraben, the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate m etabolites, 2,4-dichlorophenol [Regressions of 2,5-dichlorophenol did not control for 2,4-dichlorophenol due to high collinearity.]

4

Models control for maternal age, parity, season of birth, household income as a proportion of poverty at baseline, and child’s family history of asthma, active and passive smoking during pregnancy, furry pets in the home during pregnancy, housing density during pregnancy, mono-n-butyl phthalate, methyl paraben, monoethyl phthalate