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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Oct 11;193:21–28. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.023

Table 3.

Total Hassles score, and eight individual Hassles items, in relation to same-day occurrence of substance use and stress events (n=161).

         
Stressful Event
(EMA)		 Drug Use Event
(EMA)		 Opioid Use
(urine screen)		 Cocaine Use
(urine screen)
         
 Total Hassles 1.09 (1.06–1.13)  1.08 (1.06–1.10) 1.06 (1.04–1.09) 1.03 (1.00–1.06)
 Female sex 0.86 (0.54–1.37)  1.48 (0.89–2.48) 2.08 (0.73–5.89) 1.02 (0.26–4.11)
         
 Family
 Obligations 		2.00 (1.47–2.71)  1.72 (1.31–2.25) 1.58 (1.19–2.10) 1.54 (1.04–2.27)
 Female Sex 0.82 (0.51–1.32)  1.59 (0.95–2.65) 2.22 (0.78–6.29) 1.04 (0.26–4.15)
         
 Too Much w/o
 Help 		1.71 (1.29–2.28)  1.78 (1.41–2.24) 1.60 (1.24–2.06) 1.26 (0.90–1.77)
 Female Sex 0.84 (0.52–1.35)  1.50 (0.90–2.52) 2.13 (0.75–6.07) 1.06 (0.26–4.25)
         
 Trying
 Abstinent 		1.56 (1.21–2.02)  2.65 (2.22–3.17) 2.24 (1.84–2.72) 1.81 (1.43–2.30)
 Female Sex 0.82 (0.50–1.33)  1.29 (0.79–2.10) 1.65 (0.59–4.59) 0.78 (0.20–3.02)
         
 Your Drug Use 1.46 (1.11–1.91)  2.12 (1.74–2.57) 1.66 (1.33–2.06) 1.74 (1.34–2.26)
 Female Sex 0.84 (0.52–1.34)  1.46 (0.87–2.43) 1.99 (0.72–5.54) 0.97 (0.24–3.81)
         
 Enough Money 1.82 (1.45–2.29)  1.25 (1.06–1.49) 1.06 (0.89–1.27) 0.92 (0.74–1.15)
 Female Sex 0.83 (0.52–1.32)  1.50 (0.89–2.52) 2.20 (0.77–6.32) 1.03 (0.26–4.13)
         
 Transportation 1.16 (0.88–1.53)  1.13 (0.92–1.38) 1.23 (1.00–1.51) 0.91 (0.70–1.17)
 Female Sex 0.90 (0.56–1.46)  1.56 (0.93–2.61) 2.36 (0.83–6.68) 1.10 (0.27–4.45)
         
 Having Place to
 Live 		1.70 (1.22–2.37)  0.90 (0.69–1.18) 1.15 (0.86–1.53) 0.65 (0.46–0.91)
 Female Sex 0.80 (0.49–1.31) 1.37 (0.82–2.30) 1.99 (0.73–5.45) 0.95 (0.24–3.74)
         
 Your Smoking 1.38 (1.05–1.81) 1.11 (0.89–1.38) 1.00 (0.80–1.25) 0.80 (0.61–1.04)
 Female Sex 0.84 (0.53–1.35) 1.55 (0.93–2.56) 2.15 (0.76–6.11) 1.10 (0.28–4.41)

All participants were smokers and provided at least two weeks of EMA data. Within-person effects are shown as odds ratios (95% CIs); bold type indicates p<0.05; each model adjusted for between-person effects. Odds ratios are interpreted as the change in risk of the outcome associated with a unit increase in the independent variable (i.e. an OR of 2 means a doubling of risk associated with a unit increase in the DV, an OR of 0.5 denotes a halving of risk associated with a unit increase in the DV).