Table 2.

Associations of Plasma Galectin-3 Quintiles with Carotid Atherosclerosis Measures, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1996–1998.

	Difference (SE) in Mean Carotid IMT (mm) per Galectin-3 Quintile (ng/ml)					p-trend
	Q1 (4.4 −11.4)	Q2 (11.5 −13.2)	Q3 (13.3 −15.0)	Q4 (15.1 −17.3)	Q5 (17.4 −96.9)
Model 1	(Ref.)	−0.008 (0.010)	0.003 (0.010)	0.029 (0.011)	0.047 (0.011)	0.009
Model 2		−0.009 (0.010)	−0.001 (0.010)	0.018 (0.011)	0.025 (0.011)	0.04
Model 3		−0.012 (0.010)	−0.004 (0.010)	0.014 (0.011)	0.020 (0.011)	0.04
	Odds Ratio for Mean Carotid IMT >75th Percentile per Galectin-3 Quintile (ng/ml)
	Q1 (4.4 −11.4)	Q2 (11.5 −13.2)	Q3 (13.3 −15.0)	Q4 (15.1 −17.3)	Q5 (17.4 −96.9)
Model 1	(Ref.)	1.01 (0.83–1.24)	1.04 (0.85–1.28)	1.28 (1.04–1.57)	1.42 (1.16–1.75)	0.0011
Model 2		1.00 (0.81–1.23)	1.01 (0.82–1.24)	1.17 (0.95–1.45)	1.21 (0.97–1.52)	0.06
Model 3		0.97 (0.79–1.20)	0.98 (0.80–1.21)	1.13 (0.91–1.40)	1.15 (0.92–1.44)	0.10
	Odds Ratio for Carotid Plaque and/or Shadowing per Galectin-3 Quintile (ng/ml)
	Q1 (4.4 −11.4)	Q2 (11.5 −13.2)	Q3 (13.3 −15.0)	Q4 (15.1 −17.3)	Q5 (17.4 −96.9)
Model 1	(Ref.)	0.92 (0.76–1.10)	0.99 (0.82–1.19)	1.17 (0.97–1.41)	1.26 (1.04–1.52)	0.0006
Model 2		0.92 (0.76–1.11)	0.98 (0.81–1.19)	1.12 (0.92–1.36)	1.19 (0.97–1.46)	0.007
Model 3		0.90 (0.74–1.08)	0.96 (0.79–1.16)	1.09 (0.89–1.32)	1.13 (0.92–1.39)	0.014

CI = confidence interval; IMT = Intima-media thickness; SE = Standard Error

Model 1: Adjusted for age, race-center, and gender.

Model 2: Additional adjustment for diabetes, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass index, use of antihypertensive medication, use of anti-inflammatory medication, use of anti-ulcer medication, use of nutritional supplements, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Model 3: Additional adjustment for High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (log transformed).