Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants stratified by weight status category.
| Total (n = 226) | Overweight (n = 46) | Obesity (n = 104) | Morbid obesity (n = 76) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 13.0 (4.5–18.9)a | 12.2 (7.5–18.4) | 12.2 (6.8–18.1)d | 14.8 (4.5–18.9)d |
| Male/Female, % | 43/57 | 33/67 | 47/53 | 43/57 |
| Caucasian, % | 77 | 87 | 76 | 74 |
| BMI z score | 3.25 (1.17–5.28)b | 2.37 (1.17–2.92)e | 3.14 (2.53–3.87)e | 3.88 (3.37–5.28)e |
| Waist circumference z score | 5.2 (1.7–13.0)b | 3.6 (1.7–7.2)e | 4.8 (2.3–9.3)e | 7.0 (2.8–13.0)e |
| Hip circumference z score | 4.0 (0.6–10.5)b | 2.5 (0.8–5.1)e | 3.7 (1.2–6.2)e | 5.5 (0.6–10.5)e |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.91 (0.72–1.49) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.5) |
Data presented as mean ± SD or as median (minimum-maximum). Children were classified as overweight, obese, or morbidly obese based on the International Obesity Task Force criteria34. aStatistically different between the three weight status categories, p < 0.05; bStatistically different between the three weight status categories, p < 0.01; cStatistically different between children with overweight and children with morbid obesity, p < 0.0167; dStatistically different between children with obesity and children with morbid obesity, p < 0.0167; eStatistically different between all three weight status categories, p < 0.0167.