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. 2018 Nov 16;18:172. doi: 10.1186/s12862-018-1282-2

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Along-column variation in morphology, disparity and rate. PCA’s representing morphological variation at each vertebral position. Black box: significant effect of phylogeny and size; Orange box: significant effect of locomotor ecology. Disparity (Procrustes variance) and evolutionary rate at each position shown below, with confidence intervals based on randomized residuals. T1: First thoracic; Mid-T: mid-thoracic; Dia: diaphragmatic; Ant L: anterior lumbar; Last L: last lumbar