MRI views of human Joubert syndrome, a syndromic malformation of the brainstem involving a distinctive elongation of the cerebellar peduncles in addition to cerebellar vermis hypoplasia (C,D) and rhombencephalosynapsis (E, F) with an unaffected individual (A,B) shown for comparison. A,C and E are midsagittal views while B,D and F are along the horizontal plane. JS is characterized by distinct molar tooth sign (D, arrow), while RCS is characterized by missing cerebellar vermis with apparent fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres (F).