Table 2 |.

Potential approved therapies in sarcopenic obesity

component	goal	Suggested approach
Calorie restriction	Lose body fat and improve physical function	500–1,000kcal per day
		~0.5kg per week aiming for 8–10% weight loss at 6 months followed by weight loss maintenance
		No specific diets are proven in this population
Aerobic exercises	Improve cardiorespiratory fitness	150 min per week of moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise
Resistance exercises	Improve muscle strength and mass; attenuate loss of muscle and bone during weight loss efforts	60–75 min of resistance training 3 times weekly, separated by one day focusing on strength, balance and flexibility
Protein supplementation	Mitigate loss of muscle mass and strength	1.0–1.2g/kg per day of protein in divided doses (25–30g daily)
		2.5–2.8g leucine daily
Calcium supplementation	Prevent potential disturbances in bone metabolism	1,200 mg per day of supplemental calcium, preferably through dietary measures
Vitamin D supplementation	Prevent potential disturbances in bone metabolism	1,000 IU vitamin D per day, ideally maintaining blood levels ≥30 ng/ml

IU, international units.