Figure 3.

FSH inhibits the activity of GSK-3β to control subcutaneous tumors.

Notes: Tumor tissue untreated or treated with 20 mIU/mL FSH, and HeLa cells treated with 20 mIU/mL FSH plus H89 (a GSK-3β specific inhibitor), and either untreated or treated with TWS119 (a GSK-3β specific inhibitor) for 8 hours were examined. (A) FSHR levels of mRNA determined by Q-PCR and protein determined by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissue. (B) The changes of PKA activities in vivo and in vitro. (C) Change of GSK-3β activities in HeLa cells treated with H89 were determined on the basis of 20 mIU/mL FSH. (D) Change of NF-κB(p65) activities in HeLa cells treated with TWS119 determined on the basis of FSH and H89. Data are mean ± SEM (n=3). ^*P<0.05; ^**P<0.01.

Abbreviations: FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; PKA, protein kinase A; Q-PCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction.