Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical data of the groups
| Characteristics | Vit D group (n=58) | Control group (n=65) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 38.3 (12.4) | 40.2 (11.9) | 0.41 |
| Sex: male, n (%) | 50 (86.2) | 53 (81.5) | 0.48 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2 (3.4) | 3 (4.6) | 0.74 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 20 (34.5) | 20 (30.8) | 0.66 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 16 (27.6) | 21 (32.3) | 0.57 |
| Income, n (%) | 0.29 | ||
| Under minimum wage standard | 9 (15.5) | 15 (23.1) | |
| Over minimum wage standard | 49 (84.5) | 50 (76.9) | |
| Education, n (%) | 0.25 | ||
| Up to high school | 38 (65.5) | 36 (55.4) | |
| Beyond high school | 20 (34.5) | 29 (44.6) | |
| Health insurance modes, n (%) | 0.43 | ||
| Medical insurance | 41 (70.7) | 50 (76.9) | |
| New rural insurance/urban resident basic medical insurance | 17 (29.3) | 15 (23.1) | |
| Employed, n (%) | 15 (25.9) | 23 (35.4) | 0.25 |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.12 | ||
| Not single (married/living together) | 48 (82.8) | 46 (70.8) | |
| Single (single/widow(er)/divorced/living apart) | 10 (17.2) | 19 (29.2) | |
| Family history of mood disorders (%) | 6 (10.3) | 4 (6.1) | 0.40 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 21.2 (3.8) | 20.7 (4.1) | 0.22 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L), mean (SD) | 12.6 (5.4) | 12.3 (2.7) | 0.26 |
| Plasma corrected calcium (mmol/L) | 2.5 (0.3) | 2.5 (0.4) | 0.47 |
| Plasma Hs-CRP (mg/L), mean (SD) | 45.1 (13.3) | 37.5 (12.6) | 0.31 |
| Plasma albumin (g/L), mean (SD) | 33.2 (7.8) | 32.7 (4.3) | 0.27 |
| Plasma prealbumin (mg/L), mean (SD) | 223.6 (37.9) | 235.9 (48.1) | 0.16 |
| Plasma 25(OH)D (ng/mL), mean (SD) | 22.9 (7.1) | 24.5 (4.6) | 0.39 |
| BDI II scores, mean (SD) | 24.6 (13.1) | 23.3 (10.5) | 0.31 |
| Dietary Vit D intake (IU/d), mean (SD) | 147.9 (67.1) | 164.3 (58.7) | 0.55 |
Notes: Differences in proportions were tested using Pearson chi-squared test, and differences in mean values were tested using one-way ANOVA or Mann–Whitney test. Each group was compared separately with the placebo group.
Abbreviations: 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BMI, body mass index; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; Vit D, vitamin D.