Table 2.
Basal characteristics of the patients included in the study
| Characteristics | Total | Mild (BODEx: 0–2) | Moderate (BODEx: 3–4) | Severe (BODEx: 5–6) | Very severe (BODEx: 7–9) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 265 | 176 (66.4%) | 61 (23.0%) | 22 (8.3%) | 6 (2.3%) | ||
| Age (years) | 68±9 | 67±9 | 69±9 | 73±8 | 75±3 | 0.001 |
| Gender • Men • Women |
222 (83.8%) 43 (16.2%) |
149 (84.7%) 27 (15.3%) |
49 (80.3%) 12 (19.7%) |
18 (81.8%) 4 (18.2%) |
6 (100%) – |
NS |
| Active smoking | 86 (32.5%) | 57 (32.4%) | 23 (37.7%) | 6 (27.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | NS |
| Pack-years | 56±32 | 53±32 | 57±29 | 64±29 | 73±55 | NS |
| FEV1 post-bronchodilator (%) | 58±17 | 66±14 | 46±9 | 36±9 | 26±7 | <0.001 |
| FEV1 post-bronchodilator (mL) | 1,575±585 | 1,814±526 | 1,204±320 | 897±292 | 611±135 | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.52±0.12 | 0.56±0.10 | 0.47±0.11 | 0.36±0.11 | 0.34±0.08 | <0.001 |
| Dyspnea (mMRC) • Grade 0 • Grade 1 • Grade 2 • Grade 3 • Grade 4 |
55 (20.7%) 108 (40.7%) 60 (22.6%) 29 (10.9%) 13 (4.9%) |
49 (29.5%) 86 (51.8%) 27 (16.3%) 4 (2.4%) 0 (0%) |
1 (1.6%) 15 (24.6%) 28 (45.9%) 15 (24.6%) 2 (3.3%) |
0 (0%) 0 (0%) 2 (9.1%) 10 (45.4%) 10 (45.4%) |
0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 2 (33.3%) 4 (66.7%) |
<0.001 |
| Rescue medication • ≤3 times/week • >3 times/week and <2 times/day • ≥2 times/day |
204 (77.0%) 25 (9.4%) 36 (13.6%) |
149 (84.6%) 14 (7.9%) 13 (7.4%) |
42 (68.9%) 9 (14.7%) 10 (16.4%) |
12 (54.5%) 2 (9.1%) 8 (36.4%) |
2 (33.3%) 0 (0.0%) 4 (66.7%) |
<0.001 |
| Physical activity (minutes/day) • >60 • 30–60 • <30 |
86 (32.4%) 93 (35.1%) 86 (32.4%) |
71 (40.3%) 67 (38.0%) 38 (21.6%) |
13 (21.3%) 20 (32.8%) 28 (45.9%) |
0 (0%) 3 (13.6%) 19 (86.4%) |
2 (33.3%) 3 (50.0%) 1 (16.7%) |
<0.001 |
| Sputum color • White • Dark |
169 (63.7%) 96 (36.2%) |
122 (69.3%) 54 (30.7%) |
32 (52.5%) 29 (47.5%) |
14 (63.6%) 8 (36.4%) |
2 (33.3%) 4 (66.7%) |
NS |
| Basal CAT | 12±8 | 10±7 | 15±7 | 17±7 | 17±8 | <0.001 |
| Exacerbations/last 3 months | 61 (23.0%) | 36 (20.5%) | 19 (31.1%) | 3 (13.6%) | 2 (33.3%) | NS |
| N° exacerbations/last year | 1.10±1.80 | 0.86±1.75 | 1.56±1.76 | 1.10±1.26 | 3.33±3.01 | 0.001 |
Abbreviations: CAT, COPD assessment test; mMRC, Modified Medical Research Council; NS, non significant.