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Known functions of CDK12. (A) CDK12 phosphorylates RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) at Ser2, which promotes transcriptional elongation. (B) CDK12 interacts with RNA-processing factors to regulate splicing. (C) CDK12-mediated phosphorylation of RNA Pol II couples transcription and mRNA 3’ end processing. CDK12 reportedly regulates the expression of a distinct subset of genes, including those involved in the DNA damage response, cellular stress, and heat shock.
