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. 2018 Nov 13;9:487. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00487

Table 3.

Number of non-synonymous (dN) and synonymous (dS) substitutions in MC1R and ASIP among species and among wild and domestic South American camelids.

Species Number of MC1R substitutions
Number of ASIP substitutions
Total number of substitutions
dN dS dN dS dN dS
Wild 4 6 0 10 4 16
Domestic 18 9 6 14 24 23
χ2 p-values 0.002838 0.4386 0.01431 0.4142 0.0001571 0.2623
Guanaco 1 1 0 3 1 4
Vicuña 3 5 0 7 3 12
Llama 9 4 3 6 12 10
Alpaca 9 5 3 8 12 13
χ2 p-values dN vs. dS species by species 0.01656 0.002167 0.02358
χ2 p-values wild vs. domestic for each genus 0.00796 0.000685 0.01087
χ2 p-values wild vs. domestic within substitution type 0.02588 0.4126 0.1116 0.5062 0.002222 0.1718

Numbers in bold denote statistically significant values (∗∗∗P < 0.05) using χ2 test.