Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics in full sample at baseline.
| Responders | No-responders | Controls | Test and signifcance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 20 | 25 | 38 | |
| Sex/Female | 6 | 8 | 13 | χ = 0.11, p = 0.946 |
| Age | 26.3 ± 5.01 | 23.04 ± 4.15 | 24.76 ± 4.55 | F = 2.83, p = 0.065 |
| Education/years | 10.70 ± 4.35 | 9.84 ± 2.95 | 11.05 ± 2.91 | F = 1.25, p = 0.291 |
| Illness duration /months | 8.50 ± 2.78 | 8.64 ± 2.80 | – | t = −0.17, p = 0.868 |
| PANSS-P | 25.45 ± 4.47 | 25.44 ± 3.85 | – | t = 0.01, p = 0.994 |
| PANSS-N | 19.30 ± 6.18 | 18.68 ± 5.59 | – | t = 0.35, p = 0.726 |
| PANSS-G | 46.70 ± 8.18 | 48.56 ± 6.49 | – | t = −0.85, p = 0.400 |
| PANSS-T | 91.45 ± 15.80 | 92.68 ± 10.50 | – | t = −0.31, p = 0.756 |
| COGNITIVE FUNCTIONa | ||||
| WCST-C | 51.50 ± 7.95 | 49.64 ± 5.99 | 32.00 ± 10.35 | F = 40.17, p <0.001 |
| WCST-PE | 3.93 ± 0.83 | 3.91 ± 0.81 | 4.53 ± 1.06 | F = 3.80, p = 0.027 |
| VFT | 17.71 ± 4.76 | 16.95 ± 6.63 | 23.21 ± 5.52 | F = 10.01, p <0.001 |
| TMT-A | 57.92 ± 31.61 | 65.69 ± 44.48 | 34.69 ± 13.52 | F = 8.68, p <0.001 |
| TMT-B | 163.10 ± 77.49 | 162.77 ± 90.41 | 71.82 ± 21.84 | F = 20.36, p <0.001 |
| DST-F | 7.71 ± 1.38 | 7.45 ± 1.14 | 8.66 ± 1.26 | F = 7.38, p = 0.001 |
| DST-B | 5.21 ± 1.37 | 4.91 ± 1.38 | 6.50 ± 1.45 | F = 10.24, p <0.001 |
| Stroop-W | 25.38 ± 10.89 | 23.15 ± 13.32 | 14.74 ± 4.13 | F = 9.84, p <0.001 |
| Stroop-C | 26.39 ± 11.70 | 27.23 ± 13.63 | 15.92 ± 4.33 | F = 12.44, p <0.001 |
| Stroop-I | 40.41 ± 25.73 | 38.90 ± 13.63 | 27.21 ± 8.62 | F = 6.53, p = 0.002 |
PANSS-P, positive PANSS subscale score; PANSS-N, negative PANSS subscale score; PANSS-G, general psychopathology PANSS subscale score; PANSS-T, total PANSS-T score; WCST-C, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test categories; WCST-P, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test perseverative errors; VFT, Verbal Fluency Test; TMT-A, Trail Making Test-Part A; TMT-B, Trail Making Test-Part B; DST-F, Digit Span Tests Forward; DST-B, Digit Span Tests Backward; Stroop-W, Stroop Tests Words; Stroop-C, Stroop Tests Colors; Stroop-I, Stroop Tests Interference. Bold values indicate significant difference (P < 0.05).
36 patients (14 responders and 22 non-responders) and 38 controls were assessed cognitive function.