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. 2018 Nov 19;8:16979. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35354-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fluorescence images of the silicone composite under 980-nm laser excitation (4 mW/cm²). (a) Preparation of the NaYF₄ NP silicone composite. Silicone was mixed with NaYF₄ NPs and polymerized overnight at 65 °C in a 24-well plate serving as a mold. Finally, the silicone composite containing the NaYF₄ NPs (concentration; 20 mg/g) was obtained. (b) Schematic illustration of the imaging system for obtaining ratiometric fluorescence images using band-pass filters and an NIR camera (NIS-OPT). Ratiometric fluorescence images of the silicone composite were obtained via band-pass filters during the cooling process using an InGaAs camera (900–1700 nm spectral range). To acquire the fluorescence images at 1150 and 1550 nm quasi-simultaneously, two band-pass filters were placed on a motorized wheel. An image analysis software was used to calculate the ratio between the emission intensities at 1150 and 1550 nm. (c) The ratiometric fluorescence images of the silicone composite obtained by means of band-pass filters at 25 and 46 °C.