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. 2018 Nov 19;8:17029. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35048-5

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Administrative prevalence of ADHD among children and adolescents in Germany. (a) Prevalence in the years 2009 to 2016: total and by sex and (b) by administrative districts. Black lines in panel (b) represent prevalence courses over the years in 402 districts; coloured lines with the letter symbols represent the identified trajectories. K-means-cluster analysis for longitudinal data was used to identify the trajectories²⁰. (c) Cartographic representation of the trajectories from the panel (b).