Table 4.
Plasma coagulation assay parameters (mean, 95% confidence interval) in dogs (n = 6 per group) with hemorrhagic shock given 20 mL kg−1 of either fresh whole blood (FWB), hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (HES), 4% succinylated gelatin (GELO), or 80 mL kg−1 of balanced isotonic crystalloid (CRYST).
| Parameter | Baseline | Shock | T60 | T180 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROTHROMBIN TIME (SEC) | ||||
| FWB | 7.5 (7.2–7.7) | 8.4 (7.9–8.9) | 8.3 (7.8–8.8)*,+,# | 8.5 (8.1–8.9)*,+,# |
| CRYST | 7.4 (7.2–7.7) | 8.5 (8.1–8.8) | 11.4 (10.2–12.7)& | 10.3 (9.6–11.0)& |
| HES | 7.8 (7.2–8.3) | 8.9 (7.6–10.2) | 12.0 (9.4–14.7)&, # | 10.3 (8.9–11.8)& |
| GELO | 7.4 (6.9–7.9) | 8.1 (7.7–8.5) | 10.6 (9.5–11.6)&, + | 10.2 (9.2–11.1)& |
| ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME (SEC) | ||||
| FWB | 15.2 (13.5–16.9) | 14.2 (12.2–16.1) | 14.8 (12.9–16.6)*, +, # | 14.8 (13.6–16.0)+ |
| CRYST | 15.4 (14.1–16.6) | 14.7 (12.3–17.0) | 23.5 (18.2–28.8)& | 18.8 (14.7–22.8) |
| HES | 16.0 (14.1–17.8) | 14.5 (12.2–16.8) | 25.6 (21.0–30.1)&, # | 19.8 (16.7–22.9)& |
| GELO | 15.2 (14.1–16.3) | 14.1 (12.8–15.4) | 21.0 (16.5–25.5)&, # | 18.5 (16.7–20.2) |
| FIBRINOGEN CONCENTRATION (g/L−1) | ||||
| FWB | 1.33 (1.07–1.59) | 0.93 (0.73–1.13) | 0.99 (0.80–1.19)*, +, # | 0.93 (0.74–1.12) |
| CRYST | 1.41 (1.19–1.62) | 0.93 (0.76–1.09) | 0.52 (0.42–0.62)& | 0.60 (0.46–0.74) |
| HES | 1.42 (1.02–1.81) | 0.94 (0.58–1.29) | 0.51 (0.33–0.69)& | 0.64 (0.46–0.82) |
| GELO | 1.51 (1.16–1.85) | 1.11 (0.82–1.39) | 0.64 (0.42–0.87)& | 0.67 (0.41–0.93) |
| FACTOR VII ACTIVITY (%) | ||||
| FWB | 102.6 (87.9–117.4) | 79.9 (66.7–93.1) | 78.8 (70.7–87.0)*, +, # | 72.5 (63.9–81.1)+, # |
| CRYST | 108.5 (87.6–129.4) | 83.8 (65.1–102.5) | 55.3 (42.8–67.7)& | 62.6 (45.4–79.8) |
| HES | 90.2 (77.1–103.3) | 70.1 (52.7–87.5) | 45.3 (34.6–56.1)& | 50.7 (39.9–61.5)& |
| GELO | 95.1 (83.0–107.3) | 77.5 (66.3–88.7) | 53.0 (45.2–60.8)& | 52.6 (43.5–61.7)& |
| FACTOR VIII ACTIVITY (%) | ||||
| FWB | 127.5 (86.9–168.2) | 153.2 (131.8–174.6) | 138.6 (110.6–166.6)*, +, # | 117.4 (106.4–128.3) |
| CRYST | 108.8 (81.8–135.9) | 169.0 (121.8–216.3) | 71.2 (54.9–87.4)& | 93.6 (64.9–122.2) |
| HES | 93.8 (77.8–109.9) | 162.0 (107.5–216.5) | 75.4 (61.1–89.7)& | 83.3 (66.5–100.1) |
| GELO | 109.1 (85.2–133.0) | 137.5 (116.4–158.6) | 83.3 (56.3–110.3)& | 86.3 (66.0–106.6) |
| VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR ANTIGEN (%) | ||||
| FWB | 103.5 (77.0–130.0) | 71.8 (35.0–108.5) | 96.7 (64.8–128.6)*, +, # | 82.1 (44.3–120.0) |
| CRYST | 102.5 (74.2–130.7) | 86.7 (46.6–126.9) | 42.2 (31.9–52.4)& | 48.5 (30.2–66.8) |
| HES | 91.5 (78.5–104.5) | 61.6 (30.2–93.1) | 47.1 (33.4–60.9)& | 51.8 (34.3–69.3) |
| GELO | 105.1 (67.5–142.7) | 77.0 (41.8–112.2) | 53.9 (35.8–72.0)& | 41.8 (19.9–63.8) |
Fluid was delivered directly after shock time point.
&
Significantly different to FWB;
*
Significantly different to CRYST;
+
Significantly different to HES;
#
Significantly different to GELO (Bonferroni–Holm corrected P-value < 0.05).