. 2018 Nov 20;8:17128. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35288-5

Table 1.

Characteristics of the 24 included studies (AECG as the diagnostic criteria).

Study	Country	Age range	Male n (%)	Study design	Total pt #	# of SS		# of controls			Scoring system	+score of US
Study	Country	Age range	Male n (%)	Study design	Total pt #	pSS	sSS	sSS	Sicca	HC	Scoring system	+score of US
El Miedany et al.¹⁰	Egypt	47–66	9 (19%)	cross-sectional cohort	87	47			20	20	0–3	≥1
Niemela et al.¹¹	Finland	18–67	1 (4%)	cross-sectional cohort	81	27			27	27	0–4	≥1
Su et al.¹²	China	44–64	not specified	case-control	63	28			5	30	0–4	≥1
Hocevar et al.¹³	Slovenia	not specified	not specified	prospective cohort	218	68			150		0–48	≥17
Yang et al.¹⁴	China	20–58	not specified	retrospecctive study	41	41					0–4	≥2
Song et al.¹⁵	China	26–65	12 (12%)	case-control	128	98				30	0–4	≥1
Salaffi et al.¹⁶	Italy	30–78	3 (4%)	prospective cohort	156	77			79		0–16	≥6
Poul et al.¹⁷	UK	20–85	5 (14%)	prospective cohort	60	36	9		15		unknown
Milic et al.¹⁸	Serbia	21–78	4 (4%)	prospective cohort	135	107			28		0–48	≥19
Milic et al.¹⁹	Serbia	21–78	6 (5%)	prospective cohort	245	115		44	50	36	0–12	≥6
Xu et al.²⁰	China	28–78	0 (0%)	case-control	103	44			27	32	0–16	≥8
Takagi et al.²¹	Japan	56 ± 13	20 (11%)	prospective cohort	360	134	54		172		0–4	≥1
Kong et al.²²	China	27–63	6 (11%)	case-control	84	15	39			30	0–48	unknown
Milic et al.²³	Serbia	21–78	10 (7%)	prospective cohort	190	140			50		0–16	≥7
Cornec et al.²⁴	France	56.8 ± 12.7	7 (9%)	prospective cohort	158	78			80		0–4	≥2
Theander et al.²⁵	Sweden	20–91	not specified	cross-sectional cohort	162	105		6	19	32	0–3	≥2
Hammenfors et al.²⁶	Norway	not specified	6 (6%)	cross-sectional cohort	97	97					0–3	≥2
Baldini et al.²⁷	Italy	47 ± 13	2 (4%)	cross-sectional cohort	107	50			57		0–3	≥2
Zhang et al.²⁸	China	56.42 ± 10.21	4 (4%)	prospective cohort	162	105			41	16	0–16	≥7
Zhang et al.²⁸	China	56.42 ± 10.21	4 (4%)	prospective cohort	162	105			41	16	0–48	≥15
Lin et al.²⁹	China	46.3 ± 13.1	6 (14)	prospective cohort	94	44		14	36		0–12	≥6
											0–16	≥6
											0–48	≥17
Zhou et al.³⁰	China	32–80	1 (2%)	case-control	85	53				32	0–4	≥2
Zhou et al.³¹	China	32–82	2 (3%)	case-control	165	71		45		49	0–4	≥2
Chen et al.³²	China	23–77	1 (2%)	cross-sectional cohort	136	51			35	50	0–3	≥1
Qi et al.³³	China	49.75 ± 15.52	8 (6%)	retrospective cohort	243	134			109		0–3	≥2
Qi et al.³³	China	49.75 ± 15.52	8 (6%)	retrospective cohort	243	134			109		0–16	≥5

PSS = primary Sjögren’s syndrome; pt = patient; sSS = second Sjögren’s syndrome; HC = healthy control; US = ultrasonography.