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. 2018 Nov 20;5:180255. doi: 10.1038/sdata.2018.255

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Copyright © 2018, The Author(s)

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the metadata files made available in this article.

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(a) Schematic diagram of pluripotent reprogramming. Fibroblasts were transfected with lentiviruses carrying Oct4-Sox2-Klf3-c-Myc (OSKM) transcription factors and were induced into pluripotency. iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cell; lncRNA: long noncoding RNA. (b) Typical images of iPSC reprogramming. After OSKM transfection, cells were cultured on MEF feeder cells in mouse stem cell culture. Cell images were taken at different stages of reprogramming. Red arrows: dynamic changes of cell morphology. (c) Characterization of iPSCs. After induction, iPSC colonies were stained for alkaline phosphatase, a stem cell marker. At the end of reprogramming, iPSC colonies were expanded on MEF feeder cells. After expansion, stable iPSCs were examined for pluripotency by immunochemical staining of pluripotent biomarkers, including NANOG and SSEA4. iPSCs were used for further testing of teratoma formation in nude mice. (d) Schematic diagram of RNA-seq for fibroblasts and iPSCs. Thousands of RNAs were found to be differentially expressed after reprogramming.