Table 4.

Effects of exercise compared with no-exercise control on CGM-derived glycaemic parameters

Variable	CON	ANOVA	Exercise condition
			REHIT		MICT		HIIT
	Mean ± SD	Main effect (p)	Mean ± SD	∆ (95%CI)	Mean ± SD	∆ (95%CI)	Mean ± SD	∆ (95%CI)
24-h mean glucose	8.11 ± 1.05	0.05	7.53 ± 0.87	− 0.58 (− 0.16, − 0.99)*	7.74 ± 1.10	− 0.37 (0.04, − 0.78)†	7.74 ± 0.59	− 0.37 (0.22, − 0.96)
24- h iAUC (mmol/L/24 h)	1340 ± 554	0.02	1044 ± 541	− 296 (102, − 694)	846 ± 516	− 494 (− 66, − 922)*	976 ± 406	− 364 (127, − 855)
Time ≥ 9 mmol/L (min)	353 ± 211	0.04	241 ± 190	− 112 (− 43, − 181)*	238 ± 287	− 115 (13, − 242)†	228 ± 133	− 125 (− 3, − 247)*
Glycaemic range	6.49 ± 2.91	0.96	6.29 ± 2.68	− 0.20 (1.87, − 2.27)	6.53 ± 3.12	0.03 (1.94, − 1.87)	6.39 ± 2.39	− 0.10 (1.72, − 1.92)
MAGE	4.21 ± 2.04	0.12	3.76 ± 1.35	− 0.45 (0.56, − 1.46)	3.47 ± 1.59	− 0.74 (0.36, − 1.84)	3.42 ± 1.50	− 0.79 (0.52, − 2.09)
CONGA	7.25 ± 1.00	0.06	6.69 ± 0.72	− 0.57 (0.03, − 1.11)	6.93 ± 0.93	− 0.33 (0.18, − 0.83)	6.89 ± 0.53	− 0.36 (0.26, − 0.99)
Peak glucose breakfast	11.86 ± 2.84	0.24	11.19 ± 2.61	− 0.67 (0.76, − 2.10)	12.10 ± 3.06	0.24 (1.68, − 1.21)	12.02 ± 2.467	0.15 (1.25, − 0.94)
Peak glucose lunch	9.63 ± 1.33	0.28	9.12 ± 1.26	− 0.51 (0.12, − 1.13)	9.19 ± 1.30	− 0.44 (0.22, − 1.09)	8.97 ± 0.84	− 0.65 (0.62, − 1.93)
Peak glucose dinner	10.00 ± 1.12	0.06	9.43 ± 1.34	− 0.57 (0.35, − 1.50)	9.10 ± 1.25	− 0.90 (0.03, − 1.83)	9.89 ± 1.16	− 0.11 (0.52, − 0.74)
3- h PPG breakfast	9.08 ± 3.10	0.64	9.63 ± 3.10	0.55 (1.66, − 0.55)	9.41 ± 3.48	0.33 (2.04, − 1.37)	9.11 ± 2.96	0.03 (1.76, − 1.69)
3-h PPG lunch	8.41 ± 1.10	0.36	7.99 ± 1.24	− 0.42 (0.56, − 1.39)	7.99 ± 1.28	− 0.41 (0.40, − 1.23)	7.77 ± 0.76	− 0.64 (0.57, − 1.85)
3-h PPG dinner	8.78 ± 1.38	0.06	7.79 ± 1.17	− 0.99 (− 0.19, − 1.79)	7.65 ± 1.00	− 1.13 (− 0.01, − 2.25)	8.05 ± 0.77	− 0.73 (0.72, − 2.18)

Note that all data are in mmol/L unless stated otherwise

PPG postprandial glucose, AUC area under the curve, ∆ exercise condition–control

*p < 0.05 vs CON

^† p = 0.08 vs CON