Table 3.
Multivariable Cox regression for overall survival among patients with brain metastases or among metastatic disease subsets
| Variable | Among the subset with metastatic disease
|
Among the brain metastasis cohort
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|
| ||||
| Age at diagnosis (years) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| <40 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| 40-49 | 1.004 (0.915-1.102) | 0.928 | 0.681 (0.264-1.753) | 0.425 |
| 50-59 | 1.175 (1.078-1.280) | <0.001 | 1.161 (0.525-2.564) | 0.712 |
| 60-69 | 1.411 (1.297-1.535) | <0.001 | 1.832 (0.836-4.014) | 0.131 |
| >70 | 2.171 (1.997-2.359) | <0.001 | 2.660 (1.212-5.840) | 0.015 |
| Sex | NA | NA | ||
| Male | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| Female | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| T stage | <0.001 | NA | ||
| Tis, T0, Tl, T2 (0, 1, 2, 3) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| T3-T4 (4, 5) | 1.018 (0.970-1.069) | 0.469 | NA | NA |
| Tx | 1.099 (1.048-1.153) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| N stage | <0.001 | NA | ||
| N0 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| N1 | 0.926 (0.887-0.967) | 0.001 | NA | NA |
| N2 | 1.090 (1.028-1.155) | 0.004 | NA | NA |
| Nx | 1.082 (1.032-1.134) | 0.001 | NA | NA |
| Pathology grade | <0.001 | NA | ||
| Well differentiated | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| Moderately differentiated | 1.723 (1.591-1.865) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| Poorly differentiated | 1.845 (1.668-2.041) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| Undifferentiated | 2.577 (0.858-7.740) | 0.092 | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 1.584 (0.605-4.146) | 0.349 | NA | NA |
| Pathology type | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| Mucinous carcinoma | 1.102 (1.048-1.159) | <0.001 | 1.146 (1.062-1.237) | <0.001 |
| Other typea | 1.613 (1.512-1.721) | <0.001 | 0.883 (0.337-2.315) | 0.800 |
| Unknown | 2.269 (2.083-2.471) | <0.001 | 1.185 (0.450-3.123) | 0.731 |
| Tumor site | <0.001 | 0.029 | ||
| RCC | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| LCC | 0.813 (0.786-0.842) | <0.001 | 0.984 (0.722-1.342) | 0.919 |
| Rectosigmoid | 0.654 (0.631-0.679) | <0.001 | 0.661 (0.491-0.890) | 0.006 |
| Appendix | 0.423 (0.381-0.470) | <0.001 | 0.372 (0.047-2.970) | 0.351 |
| Tumor size | <0.001 | NA | ||
| <40 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| 40-70 | 1.122 (1.077-1.168) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| >70 | 1.278 (1.218-1.342) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 1.182 (1.131-1.235) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| Race | <0.001 | NA | ||
| Hispanic | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
| Black | 1.117 (1.073-1.163) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| White | 1.013 (0.966-1.061) | 0.599 | NA | NA |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0.946 (0.896-1.000) | 0.050 | NA | NA |
| Native American/Alaska Native | 1.273 (1.086-1.491) | 0.003 | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 0.712 (0.459-1.105) | 0.130 | NA | NA |
| Marital status | <0.001 | NA | NA | |
| Unmarried | 1 (reference) | NA | NA | |
| Married | 0.802 (0.779-0.826) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 0.849 (0.796-0.907) | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| Extracranial metastasis to bone, | <0.001 | 0.004 | ||
| lung, and liver (no.) | ||||
| 0/1 | 1 (reference) | |||
| 2 | 1.109 (1.066-1.153) | <0.001 | 1.471 (1.127-1.920) | 0.004 |
| All three | 1.423 (1.356-1.494) | <0.001 | 1.686 (1.102-2.579) | 0.016 |
| Unknown | 1.854 (1.673-2.054) | <0.001 | ||
| Brain metastasis (yes vs no) | 1.360 (1.203-1.536) | <0.001 | ||
Note:
a
The pathology type other than adenocarcinoma or mucinous carcinoma.
Abbreviations: LCC, left-sided colon cancer; NA, not available; RCC, right-sided colon cancer.