Table 1.

Clinical Trials of Amifostine With Radiotherapy in Pelvic Tumors.

Authors	N	Rectal Toxicity (Control vs Amifostine)	P Value	Remarks
Liu et al. [14]	100	14% vs 0% ; moderate or severe late toxicities	0.03	Randomized (intravenous)
Dunst et al. [15]	30	1.07±1.03 vs 0.40±0.63; maximum diarrhea score	0.044	Nonrandomized (intravenous)
Kligerman et al. [16]	100	5% vs 0% moderate or severe late toxicity	<0.01	Randomized (intravenous)
Kouvaris et al. [17]	220	Grade I/II toxicity, 70% vs 42%	<0.001	Nonrandomized (retrospective, intravenous)
Ben-Josef et al. [22]	29	Grade I/II toxicity, 50% (500–1000 mg amifostine) vs 15% (1500–2500 mg amifostine)	0.0325	Nonrandomized (intrarectal)
Kouvaris et al [24]	36	Grade I/II toxicity, 88% vs 11%	<0.001	Randomized (intravenous)
Muller et al. [18]	6	Leukocytes and lymphocytes irradiated were radioprotected (comet assay measurements)	<0.05	Nonrandomized
Athanasiou et al. [19]	205	Grade II/III acute toxicity, 22.1% vs 5.5% (3rd wk of radiation)	0.001	Randomized (intravenous)
Kouloulias et al. [25]	67	Grade I/II acute toxicity, 44% vs 15%	0.026	Randomized (intrarectal)
Kouloulias et al. [26]	53	Grade I/II acute toxicity, 42% vs 11%	0.04	Randomized (subcutaneous vs intrarectal)