Table 3.

Typical applications of GC to flavonoids analysis.

Method	Sample	Flavonoids	Derivatization	Reference
GC-FID	Kaempferia parviflora	11 flavonoids		[46]
GC–MS	Human serum	Icaritin and desmethylicaritin	BSTFA	[47]
GC–MS	Citrus fruits	Anthocyanidins and flavanones	TMS and TMS (oximes)	[48]
GC–MS	Carica papaya L. leaf	7 phenolic compounds including kaempferol and quercetin	BSTFA+TMCS	[49]
GC-(EI)-MS/MS LC-ESI(+))-MS/MS	Iris germanica	Unknown derivatives of isoflavonoids	TMS	[50]
LC, GC, LC-MS	Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.	Cyanidin- and Quercetin-Derived Flavonoids		[51]
GC–MS	Greek aromatic plants	Flavonoids and phenolic acids	BSTFA+TMCS	[52]
GC–MS	Wines	23 phenolic Compounds including quercetin, kaempferol,flavonone	BSFTA	[53]
GC–MS	Various herb extracts	Naringenin, galangin, kaempferol, luteolin	In-vial TMS derivz. + extrn.	[54]