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. 2018 Nov 19;17:432. doi: 10.1186/s12936-018-2577-x

Table 4.

Provider-related factors and adherence to national malaria management guidelines

Provider demographics (n = 26) Reported adherence to IMM guidelines Chi square test (X2) statistic (df)/FET p-value
Gender No Yes
 Female 16 (88.9) 2 (11.1) 0.821 (1) 0.563
 Male 6 (27.3) 2 (50.0)
Age of providers
 19–24 years 4 (18.2) 0 (0.0)
 25–30 years 12 (54.5) 3 (75.0) 9.996 0.694
 31–36 years 3 (13.6) 0 (0.0)
 37 years and above 3 (13.6) 1 (25.0)
Years worked in current position
 0–5 20 3
 6–10 2 0 7.239 (5) 0.203
 Over 10 0 1
Training the last 36 months on the national treatment guidelines for malaria?**
 No 16 (72.7) 0 (0.0) 7.564 0.014
 Yes 6 (27.3) 4 (100)
Highest level of education attained
 Primary education 7 (31.8) 2 (50.0)
 Secondary education 6 (27.3) 0 (0.0) 3.381 0.336
 Some university 1 (4.5) 1 (25.0)
 University/college 8 (36.4) 1 (25.0)
Healthcare provider cadre**
 Health Assistant/Nursing Assistant/Nursing Aide 8 (36.4) 1 (25.0)
 Community Medicine Distributor/Village Health Team 1 (4.5) 0 (0.0) 27.468 (7) < 0.001
 Clinical Officer 1 (4.5) 1 (25.0)
 Nurse/Nursing Officer 7 (31.8) 1 (25.0)
 Midwife 3 (13.6) 1 (25.0)
 Laboratory technician/Laboratory assistant 2 (9.1) 0 (0.0)
Provider knowledge about first-line anti-malarials for uncomplicated malaria
 Correctly identified first-line medications 17 (77.3) 4 (100.0) 1.600 (2) 0.449
 Incorrectly identified first-line line medications 4 (18.2) 0 (0.0)
 Admitted did not know 1 (5.5) 0 (0.0)
Provider perceptions towards IMM guidelines
 If a patient comes with mild fever, he/she must be tested before any treatment
  Agree 20 (90.9) 4 (100.0) 0.688 (1) 0.407
  Disagree 2 (9.1) 0 (0.0)
 Sometimes RDTs do not provide correct results
  Agree 16 (72.7) 3 (75.0)
  Disagree 5 (22.7) 0 (0) 2.368 (2) 0.306
  Neither agree nor disagree 1 (4.6) 1 (25.0)
 I do not trust results of RDT
  Agree 17 (77.3) 3 (75.0)
  Disagree 4 (18.2) 1 (25.0) 1.143 (2) 0.565
  Neither agree nor disagree 1 (4.5) 0 (0.0)
 There are times when I treat patients with an anti-malarial even when they test negative for malaria as long as they have symptoms for malaria
  Agree 19 (86.4) 4 (100.0) 0.811 (1) 0.368
  Disagree 3 (13.6) 0 (0.0)
 It is ‘okay’ to treat a patient with fever without testing
  Agree 7 (31.8) 1 (25.0) 0.015 (1) 0.902
  Disagree 15 (68.2) 3 (75.0)

Source: primary data

** Statistically significant variable