Fig 3. BG model validation.

A) The firing patterns of 4 nuclei were generated by our proposed model under the healthy condition. Th and STN cells showed tonic spikes in presence of sensory motor cortex input, while GPe and GPi cells had continuous and repetitive firings. B) In PD state, Th cells showed abnormal firings such as burst patterns, repetitive spikes for a single stimulus and failure to fire in presence of stimulus pulses. GPe and GPi neurons showed more burst patterns while STN firings remained similar to the healthy condition. C) The average firing rate within 125 neurons of each nuclei were examined for healthy and PD states. From healthy to PD, the STN and GPi firing rates were increased, while the Th and GPe firing rates were decreased. These changes were much compatible with actual recordings [62] compared to previously proposed BG models [60, 63].