Table 2.
Variation of diversity and functional diversity of terrestrial and aquatic Phytophthora communities explained by temperature, precipitation, the land use of the site (urban, agricultural or forest), and the year of the survey
| Species richness | Shannon index | Simpson index | Pielou’s evenness | Functional richness | Functional dispersion | Functional evenness | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chi-square | P | F- value | P | Chi-square | P | Chi-square | P | Chi-square | P | Chi-square | P | Chi-square | P | |
| Terrestrial Phytophthora spp. (Non-clade 6 spp.) | ||||||||||||||
| Total annual precipitation | 27.06 | <0.0001 (+) | 16.05 | 0.00012 (+) | 8.48 | 0.0036 (+) | 0.16 | 0.69 (–) | 8.69 | 0.0032 (+) | 3.8 | 0.051 (+) | 4.6 | 0.032 (+) |
| Mean annual temperature | 3.95 | 0.047 (–) | 0.14 | 0.71 (–) | 0.14 | 0.70 (+) | 4.99 | 0.025 (+) | 0.82 | 0.37 (−) | 0.20 | 0.66 (+) | 1.7 | 0.19 (+) |
| Land use | 0.054 | 0.97 | 0.06 | 0.94 | 0.014 | 0.99 | 0.022 | 0.99 | 1.79 | 0.41 | 3.76 | 0.15 | 3.22 | 0.20 |
| Year | 24.39 | <0.0001 (+) | 16.4 | <0.0001 (+) | 11.31 | 0.00077 (+) | 1.64 | 0.20 (+) | 6.21 | 0.013 (+) | 0.23 | 0.63 (+) | 0.40 | 0.53 (+) |
| Aquatic Phytophthora spp. (Clade 6 spp.) | ||||||||||||||
| Total annual precipitation | 2.01 | 0.16 (−) | 0.14 | 0.71 (−) | 0.33 | 0.56 (−) | 0.011 | 0.92 (+) | 0.12 | 0.72 (+) | 0.29 | 0.59 (−) | 0.80 | 0.37 (−) |
| Mean annual temperature | 0.15 | 0.69 (+) | 4.57 | 0.034 (−) | 4.56 | 0.033 (−) | 7.71 | 0.0055 (−) | 8.48 | 0.0036 (−) | 6.4 | 0.011 (−) | 7.51 | 0.0061 (−) |
| Land use | 6.44 | 0.04 | 4.04 | 0.020 | 7.07 | 0.029 | 4.36 | 0.11 | 6.16 | 0.046 | 3.35 | 0.19 | 2.17 | 0.33 |
| Year | 16.4 | <0.0001 (+) | 29.78 | <0.0001 (+) | 27.98 | <0.0001 (+) | 15.49 | <0.0001 (+) | 5 | 0.025 (+) | 31.57 | <0.0001 (+) | 13.24 | 0.00027 (+) |
Significant P-values are shown in bold. “(+)” or “(−)” signs represent a positive or negative association with climatic factors, respectively. For the case of the factor “Year”, a positive sign indicates that the values were higher in the survey in 2014 than in 2013. For diversity parameters (species richness, Shannon index, Simpson index, and Pielou’s evenness), all operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified at the species and clade level were included (total OTUs = 50). For functional diversity parameters (functional richness, functional dispersion, and functional evenness), only OTUs identified at the species level were included in the analysis (total OTUs = 36)