A compilation of several studies that demonstrate the associations of Caulobacter with organic matter rich soils and the spatial and temporal dynamics of populations in aquatic systems. In (a), the relative abundance of Caulobacter is contrasted between organic (5 cm deep) and mineral layer (5–20 cm) forest soils from across North America (data from ref. [26]). In (b), the seasonal differences in the relative abundance of Caulobacter in stream and ocean water (at stream discharge) are shown during drier Summer and rainier Fall months on the coast of British Columbia (PRJEXXXX). In (c), the relative abundance of Caulobacter are shown in sources of bacterioplankton to lake systems (PRJNA263673). In (d), the relative abundance of Caulobacter in the Grand River (Ontario, Canada) are shown during Fall and Spring flows at various locations (x-axis), including wastewater discharge streams (PREJEXXXX)