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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2018 Jul 23;89(6):721–733. doi: 10.1111/cen.13803

Figure 2: Postoperative glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome (GWS).

Figure 2:

Continuous data are summarized as median and interquartile ranges. Categorical data are presented as frequencies and percentages. All P-values <0.05 were considered significant.

a Recovery of the HPA-axis was considered to be achieved when an 8AM serum cortisol was ≥10 μg/dL (≥276 nmol/L) at 24h after the last administered dose of GC.

Mild GWS: Symptoms did not limit ADLs or IADLs; Moderate GWS: Symptoms somewhat limited IADLs but not ADLs; Severe: Symptoms significantly limited ADLs and IADLs; Adrenal crisis: Patients required hospital admission for intravenous GC administration due to hemodynamic instability and without evidence of another underlying etiology.

Abbreviations used: ADL, activity of daily living; CS, Cushing syndrome; GC, Glucocorticoid; GWS, glucocorticoid withdrawal symptoms; HPA, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, IADL, instrumental activity of daily living; MACE, mild autonomous cortisol excess.