Table 4.

Level A, key recommendations regarding the immediate management of burns and scalds.

Assessment of the patient •Patient evaluation follows the ABCDE approach, identifying and correcting life-threatening injuries starting with the most rapidly fatal •Refer appropriate patients, such as those with inhalational injury, early •Perform an escharotomy immediately at the facility where the patient has presented

Fluid Management •Intravenous fluid management must be guideline-based, goal-directed and titrated to effect

Pain management •Pain management should use multiple modalities including adequate and pre-emptive analgesia

Nutrition •Supplemental nutrition is required in paediatric patients with baseline malnutrition and/or burns greater than 10% TBSA

Toxic Shock Syndrome and Tetanus •Infections such as Toxic shock syndrome and tetanus must be managed aggressively